Recent developments in laboratory diagnosis of melioidosis

Sirisinha, Stitaya; Anuntagool, Narisara; Dharakul, Tararaj; Ekpo, Pattama; Wongratanacheewin, Surasakdi; Naigowit, Pimjai; Petchclai, B; Thamlikitkul, Visanu; Suputtamongkol, Yupin

doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(99)00076-5

Cited by 62 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…There are a variety of antigen-and DNA-detection techniques used in endemic regions but these are not yet commercially available [109,111,112]. IHA and other serological assays are available.…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosis Of Melioidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Melioidosis: an important cause of pneumonia in residents of and travellers returned from endemic regions

Currie¹

2003

Eur Respir J

166

171

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Melioidosis is endemic in South East Asia, Asia and northern Australia. Infection usually follows percutaneous inoculation or inhalation of the causative bacterium,Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is present in soil and surface water in the endemic region. While 20–36% of melioidosis cases have no evident predisposing risk factor, the vast majority of fatal cases have an identified risk factor, the most important of which are diabetes, alcoholism and chronic renal disease.Half of all cases present with pneumonia, but there is great clinical diversity, from localised skin ulcers or abscesses without systemic illness to fulminant septic shock with multiple abscesses in the lungs, liver, spleen and kidneys. At least 10% of cases present with a chronic respiratory illness (sick >2 months) mimicking tuberculosis and often with upper lobe infiltrates and/or cavities on chest radiography. As with tuberculosis, latency with reactivation decades after infection can also occur, although this is rare.Confirmation of diagnosis is by culture ofB. pseudomalleifrom blood, sputum, throat swab or other samples. Microbiology laboratories need to be informed of the possibility of melioidosis, as those not familiar with it can misidentify the organism. Antibiotic therapy is initial intensive therapy withi.v.ceftazidime or meropenem or imipenem +/− cotrimoxazole for ≥10 days, followed by eradication therapy with cotrimoxazole +/− doxycycline +/− chloramphenicol (first 4 weeks only) for ≥3 months.Melioidosis has been increasingly recognised in returning travellers in Europe and recently melioidosis and colonisation withB. pseudomalleihave been documented in cystic fibrosis patients visiting or resident in endemic areas.

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Section: Laboratory Diagnosis Of Melioidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Melioidosis: an important cause of pneumonia in residents of and travellers returned from endemic regions

Currie¹

2003

Eur Respir J

166

171

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“…3 Generally, it takes at least 3-4 days before the result is obtained and by that time it may be too late for acutely ill septicemic patients. 4,5 To speed up the diagnosis, several methods based on immunologic and molecular approaches have been developed, but most of them have never been critically evaluated in an actual clinical situation. 4 Antibody detection assays are not very useful, particularly in the endemic areas where subclinical infection exists.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 To speed up the diagnosis, several methods based on immunologic and molecular approaches have been developed, but most of them have never been critically evaluated in an actual clinical situation. 4 Antibody detection assays are not very useful, particularly in the endemic areas where subclinical infection exists. [6][7][8] In our hands, the detection of IgM antibody does not give results any better than the detection of IgG antibody.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short report: evaluation of a monoclonal antibody-based latex agglutination test for rapid diagnosis of septicemic melioidosis.

Samosornsuk¹,

Lulitanond²,

Saenla³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. A monoclonal antibody (MAb)-based latex agglutination (MAb-LA) test was developed to rapidly identify Burkholderia pseudomallei in hemoculture of patients with septicemic melioidosis. The method was evaluated in a clinical situation on 396 hemocultures positive for bacterial growth, of which 75 cultures were positive for B. pseudomallei by conventional biochemical tests. The sensitivity and specificity of the MAb-LA test were 95% and 100%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 100% and 99%. The method is highly reliable and suitable for rapid diagnosis of septicemic melioidosis, reducing the time normally required from a minimum of 3-4 days by conventional methods to less than 30 hr. Most of these 30 hr are involved in growing up enough bacteria to perform the MAb-LA test, which itself takes only 1 min.

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“…16 The other latex agglutination test system is based on the use of a mixture of MAbs reactive specifically with the 200-kDa exopolysaccharide (anti-200 kDa) present only in B. pseudomallei and not in B. thailandensis (Laboratory of Immunology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand). 7,17,18 Details of both latex agglutination test systems have been described previously. 16,19,20 Briefly, the latex particles were coated with appropriate concentrations of purified MAbs in glycinebuffered saline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short report: a rapid method for the differentiation of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia thailandensis.

Wuthiekanun

Anuntagool²,

White³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. A rapid method for the identification and differentiation of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia thailandensis colonies is described. It consists of simultaneous use of 2 monoclonal antibody-based latex agglutination test systems. The anti-lipopolysaccharide test reacts with both species, whereas the anti-exopolysaccharide reacts only with B. pseudomallei. Compared with classical biochemical tests, the method is highly reproducible and accurate. It is particularly useful for the identification of the organisms in environmental specimens, which may contain both of these Burkholderia species.

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Recent developments in laboratory diagnosis of melioidosis

Cited by 62 publications

References 34 publications

Melioidosis: an important cause of pneumonia in residents of and travellers returned from endemic regions

Melioidosis: an important cause of pneumonia in residents of and travellers returned from endemic regions

Short report: evaluation of a monoclonal antibody-based latex agglutination test for rapid diagnosis of septicemic melioidosis.

Short report: a rapid method for the differentiation of Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia thailandensis.

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