Recent Developments in Press Formability of Aluminum Alloy Sheets for Automotive Panels

Sakuma, Yasuharu; Usuda, Matsuo; Komatsubara, Toshio; Matsuo, Mamoru

doi:10.4271/930705

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The excellent corrosion resistance, good formability, and high strength/weight ratio of 6xxx series age-hardenable Al-Mg-Si(-Cu) alloys [ 4 ] are especially interesting to the automobile and aircraft industries, where products’ durability, safety properties, manufacturing costs, and fuel economy are of critical importance. Typical products include rolled auto body panels [ 5 ], forged auto chassis parts [ 6 ], and extruded parts. Recently, making cars at low cost with a unibody casting of Al alloys is becoming more and more popular, especially among electric car manufacturers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Q phase is a key phase in Al alloys, including not only 6xxx series Cu-added Al-Mg-Si alloys [ 7 ], but also 4xxx series Cu-added Al-Si-Mg alloys [ 8 , 9 ] and 2xxx series Si-added Al-Cu-Mg alloys [ 10 ], existing as as-cast constituents [ 8 , 10 ] and nano-precipitates [ 9 , 11 ]. Abundant research has been conducted to clarify the precipitation behaviors of Al-Mg-Si(-Cu) alloys during age hardening, especially paint bake hardening, a typical heat treatment process for auto body panels [ 5 ], thus guiding the design of new generations of alloys. In these alloys, Cu additions have been found to induce the formation of Cu-containing nano-precipitates, such as Q [ 2 , 12 , 13 , 14 ] in the over-aged state, its precursor Q′ [ 7 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], C, S, L, QP [ 19 ], and QC [ 20 , 21 ], as well as β″-Al 2 Mg 5 Si 4 [ 22 ] with Cu substitutions [ 23 ] in the peak-aged state; meanwhile, the alloys are hardened to higher levels compared to Cu-free alloys with the same Mg and Si contents [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Quaternary Eutectic α+θ+Q+Si Clusters in As-Cast Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloys

Li,

Yu,

et al. 2023

Materials

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Cu additions notably strengthen Al-Mg-Si and Al-Si-Mg alloys due to the dense precipitation of quaternary nano precipitates during ageing. However, the chemical evolution and mechanical behaviors of the quaternary micro-scale Q constituent phase occurring in cast and homogenized states have rarely been studied. Meanwhile, there exists a type of AlCuMgSi cluster in the cast state, which has been regarded as Q particles. The accurate identification of phase constituents is the basis for the future design of alloys with better performance. In our work, this type of cluster was revealed to consist of α-Al, θ-Al2Cu, Q, and Si phases through micro-to-atomic scale studies using scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The skeleton of the dendrite was θ phase. The second phases in the dendritic eutectic cluster dissolved quickly during a 4 h homogenization at 550 °C. The Q phase was found to effectively absorb the Fe impurities during casting and homogenization. As a result, the formation of other harmful Fe-rich intermetallics was suppressed. These Q constituent particles were observed to break into separate pieces in an intermediately brittle manner when compressed in situ in a scanning electron microscope. These findings provide insights into the thermodynamic modeling of the Al-Mg-Si-Cu system and alloy design.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Quaternary Eutectic α+θ+Q+Si Clusters in As-Cast Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloys

Li,

Yu,

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…The demands for improving safety and reducing fuel consumption in automotive construction have led to an increasing interest in aluminum alloy sheets for autobody applications [1][2][3]. A series of rolled Al-Mg-Si alloys are widely used in the automobile industries due to their high strength-toweight ratio, good formability and corrosion resistance [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Combined Pre-Straining and Pre-Aging on the Precipitation Behavior and Age Hardening Response for Al-Mg-Si Alloys

Gao

2021

MSF

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Pre-strain (PS) and pre-aging (PA) treatments are often applied during the preparation of Al-Mg-Si automotive aluminum alloy. In this study, the effect of combined PS and PA on the precipitation behavior and age hardening response for Al-Mg-Si alloys was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), tensile test, Vickers hardness test, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was found that the dislocations introduced by PS treatment and the cluster (2) formed during PA treatment effectively inhibited the cluster (1), which further strengthened the inhibition of natural aging hardening at room temperature (RT). The strength increment of the alloys was kept below 10.0 MPa during two weeks RT storage. The dislocations provided heterogeneous nucleation for the precipitates forming and the cluster (2) transformed into β″ strengthening phase during bake hardening treatment. With the acceleration response of the dislocations and the cluster (2), the age hardening response of Al-Mg-Si alloys obviously improved with the denser and larger β″ strengthening phase formed.

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“…In recent years, reduction of CO 2 emission via improved efficiency has become imperative in the automotive industry. One of the effective approaches for enhancing efficiency is to lighten the weight of automotive components, such as metallic parts, high‐strength steel plates for car bodies and aluminum alloy sheets for automotive body panels . Furthermore, metallic parts have been constructed using polymers and their composites to reduce weight .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of SCF content, injection speed, and CF content on the morphology and tensile properties of microcellular injection‐molded CF/PP composites

Nobe

Qiu

Kudo

et al. 2019

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Carbon fiber/polypropylene composite foams were prepared by microcellular injection molding using nitrogen as a foaming agent. The effects of nitrogen content, injection speed, and CF content on the morphology and tensile properties of the composite foams were investigated. A three‐layer structure was formed in the microcellular foams: the skin layer was solid, the intermediate layer contained stretched cells parallel to the flow direction, and the core layer consisted of spherical cells. The average cell diameter of the machine direction decreased from 41 to 34 μm as the nitrogen content increased from 0.5 to 1 wt%, increased from 34 to 43 μm as the injection speed increased from 50 to 150 mm/s, and decreased from 34 to 25 μm as the CF content increased from 10 to 30 wt%. Thus, the microcellular structure was improved by increasing the nitrogen and CF content and by decreasing the injection speed. Furthermore, when the CF content increased from 10 to 30 wt%, the Young's modulus of the solids and foams increased by 78% and 113%, respectively. Thus, the Young's modulus of the foams improved by 35% due to the improvement in the cellular structure. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1371–1380 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Recent Developments in Press Formability of Aluminum Alloy Sheets for Automotive Panels

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Quaternary Eutectic α+θ+Q+Si Clusters in As-Cast Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloys

Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Quaternary Eutectic α+θ+Q+Si Clusters in As-Cast Al-Mg-Si-Cu Alloys

Effect of Combined Pre-Straining and Pre-Aging on the Precipitation Behavior and Age Hardening Response for Al-Mg-Si Alloys

Effects of SCF content, injection speed, and CF content on the morphology and tensile properties of microcellular injection‐molded CF/PP composites

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