Recent developments in reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for photoelectrochemical water-splitting applications

Graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4)‐based nanosized heteroarrays: Promising materials for photoelectrochemical water splitting

“…As above‐mentioned, the development of g‐C 3 N 4 ‐based heteroarrays can bring great progress for PEC water splitting. However, the STH conversion efficiency of this system is still far less than 10%, which is not high enough to develop commercial PEC water‐splitting devices 177‐179 . More efforts, therefore, should still be made on some key points to further improve the performances of materials, as follows (Figure 13): Fabrication technologies of heteroarrays using g‐C 3 N 4 as host materials should be given priority to develop.…”

“…However, the STH conversion efficiency of this system is still far less than 10%, which is not high enough to develop commercial PEC water-splitting devices. [177][178][179] More efforts, therefore, should still be made on some key points to further improve the performances of materials, as follows (Figure 13):…”

Challenges and prospects about the graphene role in the design of photoelectrodes for sunlight-driven water splitting

“…Consequently, a better interaction and control over the size and shape distributions of TMCs nanoparticles on the rGO sheets can also be obtained. 66 3.1.2. 2D transition metal suldes.…”

“…Key strategies to address improvements for their use as stable and efficient photoanodes have been devoted. Researchers seek to include SLG, rGO, 66 nitrogen-doped graphene 67 and zero-dimensional GQDs 68 as catalysts and/or supports in a wide range of photoanodes. In this section, a brief description of different graphene-based materials and their use as a “metal-free” carbon electrocatalyst materials 69 on metal oxide photoanodes will be presented.…”

Photocatalytic water splitting ability of Fe/MgO-rGO nanocomposites towards hydrogen evolution

“…Thus incorporating Fe on MgO may improve the separation of the maximum number of electrons and holes, thereby avoiding recombination [35]. In recent years, graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) network of hexagonally struc-tured sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms, has sparked significant research interest in various energy adaptation applications as well as in the field of photocatalysis [36][37][38]. The importance of graphene is attributed to its excellent charge carrier mobility, electrical conductivity, high specific surface area and superior chemical stability [39,40].…”