Recent developments in stress and anxiety research

Nater, Urs M.

doi:10.1007/s00702-021-02410-3

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…[ 23 24 25 ] Increased levels of IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, are seen in anxiety, both in the periphery and brain. [ 26 27 ] In our present study, increased levels of IL-6 were seen after TDS in the PFC and hippocampus, in comparison to controls (no TDS) when compared to the control group, and pretreatment with WS lowered the elevated IL-6 levels seen in the experimental (V + TDS) group, in both brain areas. Thus, this study successfully demonstrated the pro-inflammatory responses in the brain during TDS (an experimental model for PTSD), which were also reversed with WS treatments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Amelioration by Withania somnifera of neurobehavioural and immunological markers in time dependent sensitization induced post traumatic stress disorder in rats

Rehman,

Faizan,

Ali

et al. 2024

Indian Journal of Pharmacology

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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex neuropsychiatric pathophysiology with an unmet need for safe, effective, and sustainable therapeutic modalities. Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of Withania somnifera (WS, Ashwagandha) on an experimental model of PTSD in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wistar rats (200–250 g) were used and time-dependent sensitization (TDS) was used as the experimental model of PTSD. Standardized WS root extract (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o. for 15 days) was administered with TDS and their effects were observed on neurobehavioral (anxiety) and brain cytokines, corticosterone, and oxidative stress markers. RESULTS: Exposure to TDS resulted in anxiogenic behavior in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, i.e., reductions in open arm entries and open arm time, as compared to the control group. Pretreatment with WS extract (100 and 300 mg/kg × 14 days) attenuated the TDS-induced anxiogenic activity in a dose-related manner, and these WS effects were comparable to those seen after the comparator drug fluoxetine (10 mg/kg). Assay of brain homogenates showed that TDS also resulted in elevations in brain interleukin-6 and reduction in corticosterone levels in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), which were reversed after WS pretreatments. Further, WS pretreatment also reversed the TDS-induced changes in brain oxidative stress markers, namely elevated malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione levels in both the hippocampus and PFC. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that WS could have potential as a therapeutic agent for treating PTSD by attenuating anxiogenesis, neuroimmune axis activation, and oxidative stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Amelioration by Withania somnifera of neurobehavioural and immunological markers in time dependent sensitization induced post traumatic stress disorder in rats

Rehman,

Faizan,

Ali

et al. 2024

Indian Journal of Pharmacology

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“…To examine the validity of the subscales (whether items within the subscales measured what they were intended to), we used correlation with “other criterion” known to be associated based on theory or empirical data [ 34 ]. We tested correlations between stress, anxiety, and depression constructs using Pearson’s correlation coefficient calculations, as theoretical frameworks and empirical data suggested the existence of strong positive correlations between these constructs [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Kazakhstani Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Case–Control Study

Issakhanova

Ukybassova

Kaldygulova

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is associated with increased incidence and severity of depression, anxiety, and stress, and screening for these comorbidities following miscarriages is beneficial for women with RPL who are planning future pregnancies. This study aims to investigate depression, anxiety, and stress among Kazakhstani women with RPL. Methods: This was a case–control study involving 70 women with confirmed RPL and 78 ethnically matched control women. Depression, anxiety, and stress were evaluated using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS)-21 instrument. Linear regression and correlation analysis were used in assessing the association of RPL with symptoms of depression, and/or anxiety, and/or stress, after adjusting for key covariates. Results: Women with RPL were found to have significantly higher mean scores for depression (p < 0.001), anxiety (p < 0.001), and stress (p < 0.001) symptoms. Mild–moderate stress and mild–moderate and severe–extreme depression and anxiety symptoms were more frequent in the RPL group than in the control group. Regression analysis demonstrated that RPL was the only significant variable associated with anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that women with RPL are more likely to experience heightened symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Proper psychological counseling is recommended for women with RPL, as well as their spouses.

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“…The consequences of stress can impact both the body and mind, leading to alterations in the immune, cardiovascular, endocrine, digestive, respiratory, muscular, nervous, and reproductive systems. It can also result in anxiety, depression, irritability, insomnia, difficulty concentrating, low self-esteem, among other issues [4].…”

Section: Stress: Causes and Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recognizing the complexity of stress and its clinical ramifications is crucial for providing a comprehensive approach that considers both the physical and psychological aspects of this condition. Personalized and multidisciplinary treatment is essential to mitigate the impacts of stress on an individual's overall health [6].…”

Section: Stress: Causes and Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complications associated with stress encompass a wide range of conditions, including cardiovascular problems like hypertension, arrhythmias, angina, heart attack, and stroke. Additionally, stress affects the endocrine system, contributing to the development of conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and thyroid and adrenal dysfunctions [6].…”

Section: Stress: Causes and Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the effects of essential oils on the reduction of stress: a rapid narrative review

Gusmão

2024

Braz. Journal of Health Aromatherapy and Essential Oil

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The present narrative review focuses on exploring the role of essential oils as a significant intervention in stress management. Stress, defined as an adaptive response to challenging stimuli, manifests in various spheres, with its approach being essential for the preservation of physical and emotional well-being. Essential oils present themselves as bioactive agents whose impact occurs on the nervous system through olfactory and cutaneous pathways, directly influencing emotional processes, memories, mood, and behavior. Notable among these essential oils are lavender, chamomile, and bergamot, recognized for their anti-stress properties. The application of these essential oils, whether through inhalation or cutaneous administration, demonstrates efficacy in promoting beneficial physiological and psychological effects. Individualization of treatment is emphasized, considering synergies, affinities, and personal preferences. The diversity of products, including diffusers and creams, amplifies application options, offering a flexible and personalized approach. In the clinical realm, the inclusion of essential oils in the stress management protocol is supported by their ability to modulate emotional responses and promote states of relaxation. In summary, essential oils emerge as a prominent and customizable strategy in stress treatment, contributing significantly to the promotion of physical and emotional balance in individuals.

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Recent developments in stress and anxiety research

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Amelioration by Withania somnifera of neurobehavioural and immunological markers in time dependent sensitization induced post traumatic stress disorder in rats

Amelioration by Withania somnifera of neurobehavioural and immunological markers in time dependent sensitization induced post traumatic stress disorder in rats

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Kazakhstani Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Case–Control Study

Evaluation of the effects of essential oils on the reduction of stress: a rapid narrative review

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