Recent developments of intumescent fire protection coatings for structural steel: A review

Abstract

Intumescent paints are specially formulated reactive coatings designed to swell or expand into thick foamed char upon exposure to heat, protecting the substrates against fire by insulation and providing a protective barrier to heat and mass transfer. The present review describes some recent work related to the development of intumescent fire protective coating that is suitable for the protection of non-flammable substrates, such as structural steel, against fire. The key factors in the intumescent formulations, binders, flame retardants, fillers, modifiers, nano-dimensional additives, and weathering that affect the properties and performance of intumescent coatings are described. An attempt has also been made to describe different fire protection methods and testing characterizations involved in the fire protection of structural steel using intumescent fire-resistant coatings.

Effect of chicken eggshell on the flame‐retardant and smoke suppression properties of an epoxy‐based traditional APP‐PER‐MEL system

“…Furthermore, the presence of CES can enhance the water repellency and adhesive strength of intumescent coatings . Generally speaking, the flame retardant effect of CES in intumescent systems can be explained by the fact that CES (mainly calcium carbonate) could react with acid source (mainly phosphate derivatives) to form calcium phosphate, calcium metaphosphate and non‐combustible gases that dilute the combustible gases and also reinforce the homogeneity and compactness of foamed char layer . It is highlighted that the presence of excessive calcium carbonate will remove the acid source from intumescent systems before the degradation of the phosphate chains, thus decreasing the fire protective behavior .…”

Competitiveness and synergy between three flame retardants in poly(ethylene- co -vinyl acetate)

“…Almost all additives have been considered, most often to improve the cohesion of the mineral barrier formed by the accumulation of alumina or magnesium oxide on the top surface of the composite during combustion. The cohesion of the formed residue during combustion, which is of crucial importance in cable and wire insulation applications, as well as its thickness more or less determine the flame retardancy properties [12][13][14].…”

Influence of plasticizers on fire retarding properties of carbon foams of intumescent coatings

“…Up to now, the coatings with such an effect have been developed based on different polymers, including epoxy, polyurethane, and acrylic. The materials based on both organic solvents and aqueous dispersions are available [2]. However, most industrial intumescent coatings are based on the same operating system, including three main components: the acid donor, carbonized component, as well as pore forming agent.…”