Recent Developments on Synthesis of Indole Derivatives Through Green Approaches and Their Pharmaceutical Applications

Mondal, Dipayan; Kalar, Pankaj Lal; Kori, Shivam; Gayen, Shovanlal; Das, Kalpataru

doi:10.2174/1385272824999201111203812

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Indole derivatives are the most significant nitrogen-containing heterocyclic systems from biological as well as pharmaceutical point of views which are also frequently used in the synthesis of diverse valued organic molecules in addition to their utilization as the useful precursors for the formation of natural products. [41][42][43] In this regard, Nelson et al exposed an oxidative cleavage of 2,3-carbon-carbon bond in the indoles 23to assemble several isatoic anhydrides 24 a-d using an environmentally benign reagent namely oxone (Scheme 10). [44] Although, isatoic anhydrides have already been synthesized with the involvement of anthranilic acids and poisonous phosgene gas.…”

Section: Oxidative Cleavage Of Indoles Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Oxone® in Organic Synthesis: An Emerging Green Reagent of Modern Era

2022

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Presently, the major cornerstone of the research community is to develop green as well as sustainable protocols involving inexpensive catalysts and/or reagents without the usage of hazardous solvents under globally friendlier conditions in order to shelter both mankind and environment. Therefore, needless to say, there is always a supreme need to surrogate the older, costlier and unsafe strategies with the novel economically inexpensive and environmental benign ones. To this context, in recent past, oxone® (triple salt), a very cheap oxidizing agent having the chemical formula 2KHSO5 ⋅ KHSO4 ⋅ K2SO4 and enwrapped with the unique characteristics like easy handling, non‐toxic, safe, eco‐friendly, non‐polluting, stable, and nicely soluble in water, in addition to its utility for large‐scale synthesis etc. Bearing the importance of this versatile reagent in mind, we envisioned to update the recent advances made in this direction. Consequently, in this particular review article, the developments made in the arena of oxone chemistry covering from 2013 to 2020 have been revealed as no report appeared in the literature after a wonderful Chem. Rev. published by the group of Hussain in 2013. Herein, a comprehensive detail of a variety of oxidative transformations along with the complete plausible mechanistic steps have been exposed. For sure, present review would be a very helpful tool to the scientific community not only working in the area of organic synthesis but also to the researchers working in other branches of science and technologies as well.

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Section: Oxidative Cleavage Of Indoles Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Oxone® in Organic Synthesis: An Emerging Green Reagent of Modern Era

2022

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“…Experimental procedures, detailed mechanistic studies, characterization data, and 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra for all new products (PDF)…”

Section: ■ Associated Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indole derivatives are important motifs in synthetic chemistry. 13 It is important to efficiently access indoles with multifunctional groups. Therefore, we employed a variety of substituted indoles as carbon nucleophiles in the silylfunctionalization reaction (Scheme 4).…”

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Visible-Light-Mediated Divergent Silylfunctionalization of Alkenes

Zheng

Hou

et al. 2021

Org. Lett.

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1,2-Silylfunctionalization of alkenes is an efficient way to construct highly functionalized silicon-containing compounds. However, examples of 1,2-silylfunctionalization of alkenes using readily available hydrosilanes are limited. Herein, we present a visible-light-mediated divergent 1,2-silylfunctionalization of alkenes using hydrosilane under ambient conditions. A series of β-alkoxy, β-alkylthio, β-hydroxy, and β-indolyl silanes was obtained in good to excellent yields. Moreover, vinylsilanes were successfully prepared in the absence of an additional nucleophile.

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“…Even though the food applications of indole and its derivatives have yet to begun, the pharmaceutical applications of them are now a commonplace. However, for their safe and effective food and pharmaceutical applications, green synthesis technologies, such as microwave-or ultrasound-assisted synthesis are being proposed [87].…”

Section: Indole Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Effects of Green-Colored Food-Derived Bioactive Compounds on Cancer

2021

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Green-colored foods, such as broccoli, sprouts, soybean, and green leafy vegetables are considered one of the representative healthy foods for containing various functional ingredients that can combat chronic diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and cancer. Herein, we reviewed the anti-cancer activities and the underlying mechanisms of some important bioactive compounds, such as sulforaphane, catechins, chlorophyll, isoflavone, indole dervatives, and lutein, present in green-colored foods. In vivo and clinical studies suggest that sulforaphane, a sulfur-containing compound found in cruciferous vegetables, can ameliorate prostate and breast cancer symptoms by arresting cell-cycle progression and modulating Ki67 and HDAC expression. A green tea compound, known as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), has shown remarkable anti-cancer effects against prostate cancer and lung adenocarcinoma in human trials through its antioxidative defense and immunomodulatory functions. Chlorophyll, a natural pigment found in all green plants, can regulate multiple cancer-related genes, including cyclin D1, CYP1A, CYP1B1, and p53. Epidemiological studies indicate that chlorophyll can substantially reduce aflatoxin level and can mitigate colon cancer in human subjects. Remarkably, the consumption of soy isoflavone has been found to be associated with the lower incidence and mortality of breast and prostate cancers in East Asia and in Canada. In vivo and in vitro data point out that isoflavone has modulatory effects on estrogen and androgen signaling pathways and the expression of MAPK, NfκB, Bcl-2, and PI3K/AKT in different cancer models. Other green food bioactive compounds, such as indole derivatives and lutein, also exhibited suppressing effects in rodent models of lung, liver, stomach, cervical, and prostate cancers. In addition, some micronutrients, such as folate, riboflavin, retinoic acid, and vitamin D3 present in green foods, also showed potential cancer suppressing effects. Taken together, these data suggest potential chemopreventive functions of the bioactive compounds from green-colored foods. This paper could be beneficial for further research on the anti-carcinogenic effects of green-colored food-derived compounds, in order to develop green chemotherapeutics for cancers.

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Recent Developments on Synthesis of Indole Derivatives Through Green Approaches and Their Pharmaceutical Applications

Cited by 23 publications

References 137 publications

Applications of Oxone® in Organic Synthesis: An Emerging Green Reagent of Modern Era

Applications of Oxone® in Organic Synthesis: An Emerging Green Reagent of Modern Era

Visible-Light-Mediated Divergent Silylfunctionalization of Alkenes

Physiological Effects of Green-Colored Food-Derived Bioactive Compounds on Cancer

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