Recent innovations in cloud point extraction towards a more efficient and environmentally friendly procedure

ЕЛЕКТРОТЕРМІЧНЕ АТОМНО-АБСОРБЦІЙНЕ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ Ge(IV) ПІСЛЯ ЙОГО МІЦЕЛЯРНО-ЕКСТРАКЦІЙНОГО КОНЦЕНТРУВАННЯ

“…З одного боку проблему селективності визначення Ge(ІV) можна вирішити із застосуванням атомно-абсорбційної спектроскопії, а досягти підвищення чутливості -за рахунок його попереднього концентрування. Серед методів концентрування слідових кількостей особливе місце посідають екстракційні, зокрема міцелярна екстракція [15]. Умовою екстракційного вилучення іонів металів є їх попереднє зв'язування у гідрофобні комплекси.…”

In Situ Formed Organic Ion-Associate Liquid-Phase Microextraction without Centrifugation from Aqueous Solutions Using Thymol Blue and Estrogens

“…Liquid-phase microextraction is a pretreatment method based on the in situ formation of a new liquid phase, often requiring centrifugation or heating unless halogenated organic materials are used. Liquid-phase microextraction encompasses homogeneous liquid−liquid extraction [7], cloud point extraction [8], dispersed liquid−liquid microextraction [9][10][11], and ion-associate liquid phase (IALP) microextraction [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. These methods are widely used for pretreatment and concentration because of their ecofriendliness, as they generate small amounts of liquid waste and offer the advantages of high speed (several minutes), high enrichment factors (several dozen times or more), and concentration to small volumes (1 µL-1 mL).…”

Cloud point method applied to the extraction and preconcentration of thiabendazole pesticide from whole grape juice samples and amperometric detection by HPLC

“…18 Unlike conventional extraction techniques, CPE can be considered environmentally friendly since it is in accordance with the principles of “Green Chemistry”. 19–24 In this procedure, diluted solutions of biodegradable non-ionic surfactants are used as an extracting medium, generating very little, low toxicity, non-volatile, and highly flammable laboratory waste. 19–24 Surfactant solutions have the ability to modify some properties in order to improve the sensitivity and/or selectivity of the analytical method.…”

“…19–24 In this procedure, diluted solutions of biodegradable non-ionic surfactants are used as an extracting medium, generating very little, low toxicity, non-volatile, and highly flammable laboratory waste. 19–24 Surfactant solutions have the ability to modify some properties in order to improve the sensitivity and/or selectivity of the analytical method. The main characteristic of surfactants is the formation of supramolecular structures that have hydrophilic and hydrophobic structural regions, which associate dynamically and spontaneously in aqueous solution from a given micellar concentration, known as critical micellar concentration (CMC).…”