Recent Life Events and Diabetes in Adults

Grant, Igor; Gc, Kyle; Teichman, Alicia; Mendels, J.

doi:10.1097/00006842-197403000-00004

Cited by 77 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Some decades later a "diabetic personality", at increased risk of developing Type 1 diabetes, was suggested [33,34]. During the last decades, research has focussed on the occurrence of stressful B. H~iggl6f et al: Psychological stress as a risk factor for Type I diabetes life events prior to the clinical onset of Type 1 diabetes [23][24][25][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Results of these life event studies, however, are contradictory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Swedish childhood diabetes study: indications of severe psychological stress as a risk factor for Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in childhood

et al. 1991

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Summary. This study is part of a nationwide case-referent study. All recent-onset Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic children aged 0-14 years in Sweden were invited to participate. Referent subjects matched for age-, sex-and geographical distribution were selected. In all, 338 patients and 528 referent subjects took part. Life events during the last year prior to clinical onset of Type 1 diabetes were recorded on a questionnaire. The total frequency of life events did not differ between diabetic and referent children. However, qualitatively the life events reported by diabetic children revealed a tendency to increased severity. Events related specifically to actual or threatened losses within the family -events that may affect children differently in different age groups -were reported with a significantly higher frequency by diabetic patients than by referent subjects, aged 5-9 years. The relative risk that such events in fact comprise a risk factor for Type 1 diabetes was 1.82 (95% confidence limits 1.09, 3.03). The relative risk was significantly increased even when standardized for possible confounding factors such as age, sex and indices of social status of the family. We conclude that stressful life events, related to actual or threatened losses within the family, occurring in the vulnerable age group of 5-9 years, are associated with the onset of childhood Type 1 diabetes. Such stressful events may in fact be a risk factor for the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Swedish childhood diabetes study: indications of severe psychological stress as a risk factor for Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in childhood

et al. 1991

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“…These research reports have suggested that such dimensions as emotional tone in the family (1), mental health of the patient (2), and knowledge of diabetes management information (3), may be associated with level of metabolic control. Particular attention has been paid to the possible importance of psychologic stress as a factor associated with metabolic control (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Laboratory investigations have suggested that psychologic stress may influence counterregulatory hormones (5,6), blood glucose levels (7,8), and free fatty acid and ketone body levels (7)(8)(9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory investigations have suggested that psychologic stress may influence counterregulatory hormones (5,6), blood glucose levels (7,8), and free fatty acid and ketone body levels (7)(8)(9). Other studies have suggested modest associations between patient reports of stressful life events and measures of glycemic control (10)(11)(12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychologic stress and glycemic control: a comparison of patients with and without proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Jacobson¹,

Rand²,

Hauser³

1985

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Using a case/control design, patients with (cases) and without (controls) proliferative diabetic retinopathy were compared using three psychosocial measures: life events, psychiatric symptomatology, and ego development. Cases reported significantly more symptoms. They also demonstrated a modest and significant correlation of negative life events with HgbA1c that was not shown in the controls. When the relationship of life events with glycemic control was explored in cases of varying durations of proliferative retinopathy, we found that the association between negative life events and HgbA1c was accounted for by the cases with a recent onset of retinopathy. Patients in this recent group showed a trend towards more negative life events that decreased with longer duration of proliferative retinopathy. This study suggests that the onset of proliferative retinopathy portends a life crisis during which metabolic control is sensitive to additional life stress and that this association is not found among patients whose illness is more stable.

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“…A relationship between psychological factors and the metabolic control of diabetes has been extremely difficult to demonstrate by means of experimental research [ 14], Proper functioning of the family has also been observed to be connected with good metabolic control [15], In our own study, a large part of the patients in the psycho therapy group also had family support in their treatment efforts. It has been suggested that changes in stress and life situation may lead to a weakening of diabetes metabolic control [16,17], However, there are few wellconstructed studies dealing with this sub ject.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychotherapy in Patients with Poorly Controlled Type 1 (Insulin-Dependent) Diabetes

Viinamäki¹,

Niskanen

1991

Psychother Psychosom

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We studied a group of 9 poorly controlled type 1 diabetic patients who were referred to the metabolic ward for a 10-day intensive patient education and treatment period and followed thereafter for 1 year. The psychodynamically and phase-specifically oriented intensive psychotherapy was prescribed. In terms of mental coping ability assessed by an index constituting the attitude towards diabetes, the family support and the expectations from the psychotherapy, the final outcome was classified as good or moderate in 7 of 9 patients. The complexities of different personality characteristics and their interaction with metabolic control are issues that require further exploration.

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Recent Life Events and Diabetes in Adults

Abstract: Fluctuations in diabetic condition and changes in life events were studied in a group of 37 adult diabetic patients over a period of 8 to 18 months. Evidence is presented suggestive of a relationship between life events, particularly "undesirable" ones, and changes in diabetic condition.

Cited by 77 publications

References 15 publications

The Swedish childhood diabetes study: indications of severe psychological stress as a risk factor for Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in childhood

The Swedish childhood diabetes study: indications of severe psychological stress as a risk factor for Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in childhood

Psychologic stress and glycemic control: a comparison of patients with and without proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Psychotherapy in Patients with Poorly Controlled Type 1 (Insulin-Dependent) Diabetes

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