Recent observations of sooty bark disease of sycamore maple in Prague (Czech Republic) and the phylogenetic placement of Cryptostroma corticale

Abstract

Summary The anamorphic fungus Cryptostroma corticale (Xylariaceae) causing sooty bark disease (SBD) of Acer pseudoplatanus has been reported within the past decade in several European countries. In the last decade, severe drought conditions during summer also resulted in an outbreak of SBD in park areas in Prague (Czech Republic). Trees with the typical syndromes were recorded in four localities in Prague. Some trees were also located in the alluvial plain of the Vltava River with groundwater available all year long. We suppose that the trees were stressed by full water saturation for several months after flood in 2012 and that SBD was triggered by anoxia and subsequent phytopththora root rot. Sterile fungi isolated from one tree and one lesion were identified as C. corticale based on the similarity of their ITS rDNA sequences with strains of C. corticale in a public collection. Furthermore, C. corticale was placed in the family Xylariaceae within the genus Biscogniauxia based on phylogenetic analysis of four genes (ITS nrDNA, actin, RPB2 and β‐tubulin). The closest relatives are B. bartholomei and Graphostroma platystoma.

Widespread latent infection of Cryptostroma corticale in asymptomatic Acer pseudoplatanus as a risk for urban plantations

“… records during the years 2005–2013, data from Koukol et al. ()/records in this study; ‐ not studied. …”

“…The PCR products were purified using the Gel/PCR DNA Fragments Extraction Kit (Geneaid Biotech, Bade City, Taiwan) and sequenced in both directions by the Laboratory of DNA Sequencing (Faculty of Science, Charles University, Czech Republic). All sequences were manually edited and aligned with ITS/LSU rDNA sequences of C. corticale from GenBank (from Koukol et al., ) to confirm the identification.…”

“…During the years 2003–2005, SBD was recorded for the first time in Central Europe. Numerous infected trees were recorded in Switzerland, Austria, Germany and the Czech Republic (Cech, ; Cochard, Crovadore, Bovigny, Chablais, & Lefort, ; Koukol, Kelnarová, & Černý, ; Robeck, ). Recent observations of the disease in the Netherlands (2013) and Bulgaria (2014) suggest further spreading to the north and east (Bencheva, ; EPPO Reporting Service ).…”

Discovery of a new species of the Hypoxylon rubiginosum complex from Iran and antagonistic activities of Hypoxylon spp. against the Ash Dieback pathogen, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, in dual culture

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Social evaluation of innovative drugs: A method based on big data analytics

“…Innovative drugs play the important role on promoting the progress of medicine and medical treatments. However, the traditional evaluation method of innovative drugs is a time consuming process, and has a lot of defects such as limited samples, poor timeliness, inefficiency, and the influence of uncertainty factors, especially in the face of sudden outbreak of diseases [13].…”