Recent Progress and Application Challenges of Wearable Supercapacitors

Abstract

The rapid development of wearable electronics has accelerated the development of wearable energy storage devices. Wearable supercapacitors have aroused widely interest due to their large power density. However, there are still many challenges in the practical application of wearable supercapacitors. This paper summarizes the structure, working mechanism, materials and key parameters of wearable supercapacitors. And we reviewed the challenges of wearable supercapacitors in practical applications, namely safety, mechanical adaptability, self‐charging capability, environmental tolerance, and multifunction. Finally, these challenges are summarized and prospected. We hope to inspire some work to solve the practical application challenges of wearable supercapacitors.

Fully printed and multifunctional graphene-based wearable e-textiles for personalized healthcare applications

“…The existing rigid and bulky energy storage devices hardly resemble a regular fabric in terms of hand feel, thickness, or drape (Jost et al, 2013). To realize next generation multifunctional wearable e-textiles, there remains a need for highly functional but small, flexible and comfortable energy storage devices (Kim et al, 2017;Ren et al, 2021). Flexible textiles supercapacitors (SCs) are promising due to their excellent lifetime, lightweight nature, high power density, and ability to deliver even under mechanically deformed conditions (Huang et al, 2016).…”

Strategies for Fabricating High‐Performance Electrochemical Energy‐Storage Devices by MXenes

“…As it is a fast physical process, EDLCs are characteristic with the excellent cyclability. [126] Scheme 2. Schematic structure of the metal-ion batteries showing the working mechanisms of (a) the charge and (b) discharge process.…”

Conformable on-skin supercapacitor-integrated, strain sensor based on multioxidant-functionalized thermoplastic polyurethane/reduced graphene oxide/polypyrrole composite films

“…Furthermore, conductive polymers, such as polypyrrole (PPy) and polyaniline, are often utilized because they are not dangerous to the human body and exhibit many beneficial features, such as biocompatibility, when linked to the body. [16][17][18][19][20] Vapor-phase polymerization (VPP) is often employed for the syntheses of conductive polymers, such as PPy, which do not dissolve in solvents, even under heating, and rarely form complexes with other materials. VPP can compensate for the shortcomings of liquid polymerization.…”

“…Furthermore, conductive polymers, such as polypyrrole (PPy) and polyaniline, are often utilized because they are not dangerous to the human body and exhibit many beneficial features, such as biocompatibility, when linked to the body. 16–20…”