Recent Progress and New Challenges in Quantum Fluids and Solids

Abstract

We present a short review of the current and recent development in the field of superfluid 3 He and 4 He. The review is based on the topics discussed at the NSF sponsored Workshop on Grand Challenges in Quantum Fluids and Solids chaired by Moses Chan from Pennsylvania State University and held at University of Buffalo in August, 2015.

Superfluid3He in Aerogel

“…The order parameters of the three superfluid phases, with maximum gap amplitudes, ∆ A , ∆ B , and ∆ P given in Fig.2, are for A (axial state), B (isotropic state), and P (polar state) phases expressed as: 26,27 A…”

Superfluid helium-3 in confined quarters

“…[56][57][58][59] This marriage of quantum fluids, nano-scale materials and nano-fabrication is part of a new frontier in the field of hybrid quantum materials. 60…”

Eighty years of superfluidity

“…In the past few years, helium-3 has been shown to exhibit new superfluid phases when confined to low-density materials called aerogels, small pores and narrow slabs 20 . Such phases are being investigated further.…”