Recent Progress in District Heating with Emphasis on Low-Temperature Systems

Abstract

District heating plays an important role in future sustainable energy system by integrating any available heat source, including waste heat and renewable heat sources such as geothermal or solar heat. The low-temperature district heating system is the latest generation of district heating. It was introduced less than ten years ago in adaption to the need for lower heat demand of energy-efficient buildings. The low-temperature district heating system provides an infrastructure for a higher share of renewable energy sources while reduces heat loss in pipes. Several small-scale projects were commissioned since the introduction of the technology, and many existing district heating systems are in the process of adaptation. The recent progress of low-temperature district heating systems has been discussed here. First, the fundamental knowledge that is required to understand the main advantages of a low-temperature district heating system was explained briefly. Then the most recent and important projects were discussed with emphasis on solar and geothermal district heating systems. The results of case studies show that the low-temperature solution has the lowest capital costs and has a unique position to be the primary source for building heating demand.

Heat Pump to Increase the Efficiency of a Geothermal Heating System in the City of Călimănești - Case Study

“…These systems not only have low energy efficiency but are also powerful generators of carbon dioxide as well as various polluting suspensions. For urban areas with high population density, all studies conducted at national and international level have led to the conclusion that from the point of view of energy efficiency and environmental protection, district heating (DH) systems are advantageous [6].…”