Recent progress in ergot alkaloid research

Abstract

Ergot alkaloids are a class of indole derivatives produced by the genera of Ascomycota includingClaviceps,Aspergillus,Penicillium, andEpichloë.

Natural Ergot Alkaloids in Ocular Pharmacotherapy: Known Molecules for Novel Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Systems

“…An important risk factor associated with this disease is the high IOP, which is why therapy is based on IOP reduction. All ergot alkaloids have in common an indole-derived tetracyclic ring structure (ergoline) and, according to their structural features, the naturally occurring ergots are categorized into three main classes: amide- and peptide-like amide derivatives of d -lysergic acid, and the clavine alkaloids [ 27 ] ( Figure 1 ). The pharmacological profile of ergot alkaloids is linked to the structural similarity between d -lysergic acid-derived compounds and neurotransmitters like noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin [ 28 ].…”

Interpol review of controlled substances 2016–2019

“…Ergot Alkaloids: 2016 detection of 25 ergot alkaloids in cereal samples by LC-MS/MS [ 985 ]; comparison of ESI and APPI coupled with LC-MS for the analysis of ergot alkaloids [ 986 ]; HPLC-FLD method for detection of five ergot alkaloids (ergometrine, ergotamine, ergocornine, ergocrypine and ergocristine) in animal feed [ 987 ]; UHPLC-HRMS for screening of ergot alkaloids in animal feed [ 988 ]; determination of the bioactive alkaloids tabersonine, serpentine, vindoline, catharanthine, tryptamine, and vincamine in Apocynaceae plants (C. roseus and V. minor) by LC-MS/MS [ 989 ]; 2017 review [ 990 ]; MALDI-MSI for imaging distribution of alkaloids [ 991 ]; review [ 992 ]; determination of three new ergot alkaloids by HRMS [ 993 ]; determination of the total ergot alkaloids in rye using HPTLC-FLD [ 994 ]; response surface methodology for the identification, screening and optimization of fermentation factors to produce ergot alkaloids [ 995 ]; identification of a new species by molecular and ergot alkaloid profile analysis [ 996 ]; identification of alpha-CPA by UHPLC Triple-TOF HRMS [ 997 ]; NIR hyperspectral imaging for the detection of ergot bodies in cereal flour [ 998 ]; 2018 LAESI-MS for detection of ergot alkaloids [ 999 ]; testing of 122 samples of rye grains harvested in three different regions of Poland in 2016 and 2017 for ergot and its alkaloids [ 1000 ]; a total ergot alkaloid EIA compared with HPLC-FLD for the determination of total ergot alkaloids [ 1001 ]; multi-laboratory study to determine applicability of HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS/MS for the determination of ergot alkaloids in rye-containing breads [ 1002 ]; review [ 1003 ]; UHPLC-FLD method for the quantification of the six major ergot alkaloids and their corresponding epimers [ 1004 ]; ergot alkaloids determination using spectrophotometry and TLC [ 1005 ]; review of IR spectroscopy for the detection of ergot alkaloids [ 1006 ]; 2019 protocol introducing lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for internal standardization of the analysis of ergot alkaloids by LC-FLD [ 1007 ]; 2D LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 350 pesticides, 16 mycotoxins, 6 ergot alkaloids as well as the growth regulators Chlormequat and Mepiqua [ 1008 ]; NIR and ATR-FT/MIR spectroscopy for the determination of major ergot alkaloids [ 1009 ].…”

Advances in targeting and heterologous expression of genes involved in the synthesis of fungal secondary metabolites

“…To further improve expression, one can consider cofactor regeneration, the use of chaperones to prevent protein mis-folding, to improve protein export, and to overcome feedback inhibition from product formation. 71 The biosynthetic pathways of clavine-type alkaloids or Dlysergic acid from the branch point chanoclavine-I aldehyde in different species have been described in detail elsewhere 72 . E. coli HE system has been used for characterizing genes from the ergot alkaloid biosynthetic gene cluster of Penicillium roqueforti FM164.…”