Recent Progress in Identifying Bacteria with Fluorescent Probes

Abstract

The development of new techniques to rapidly and accurately detect bacteria has drawn continuous attention due to the potential threats posed by bacteria to human health and safety. Recently, a novel strategy based on fluorescent probes has drawn considerable interest for the detection of bacteria due to its high selectivity, fast response, and simple operation. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on fluorescent probes for the specific recognition and discrimination of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In particular, we outline current design strategies, such as targeting of the differences in surface components, cell wall components, endogenous enzymes, surface charge, and hydrophobicity of various kinds of bacteria to develop various fluorescent sensors (organic small-molecule fluorescent probes, nanoprobes, and metal ion probes). We also emphasize the application of organic molecules in probe recognition elements. We hope that this review can stimulate this research area in bacterial detection and imaging in the future.

Two Three-Dimensional LnIII Coordination Polymers Exhibiting Luminescent Sensing and a Magnetocaloric Effect

“…Currently, luminescence probes are widely used in biodetection, optical imaging, and other fields as a sensitive means of detection owing to their exceptional attributes including heightened selectivity, sensitivity, prompt detection capabilities, and straightforward operational procedures. , The 4f electrons of Ln III ions are shielded by the 5s 2 5p 6 electrons of the outer shell layer so that the crystal field has little effect on them, and thus they exhibit purely colorful narrow linear emission characteristics, i.e., long emission lifetimes, sharp emission profiles, and large Stokes shifts in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions, − making substances containing lanthanide ions useful for the detection of DPA. − But the practical application of lanthanide complexes for detecting DPA is limited mainly due to their susceptibility to luminescence bursting by high-energy O–H vibrations in water, despite their effectiveness in acetonitrile. For example, Yang’s group successfully synthesized the first high-nuclearity lanthanide nanoring, Eu 18 , for the ratiometric luminescence detection of DPA in CH 3 CN using two polydentate organic ligands.…”

Ultrarapid Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Fluorescent Silver Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles and Its Application in Detecting Alkaline Phosphatase Activity

“…Many approaches have been established for the measurement of ALP activity, including surface-enhanced Raman scattering [ 6 ], colorimetry [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], electrochemistry [ 10 , 11 ], chromatography [ 12 ], chemiluminescence [ 13 ], electrochemiluminescence [ 14 ], and fluorescence [ 5 , 15 , 16 ] strategies. Among these methods, fluorescent methods with high sensitivity, fast response times, and real-time detection capability have attracted particular interest [ 5 , 17 , 18 ]. Most fluorescent assays for ALP activity are based on the ability of ALP to remove phosphate groups from a variety of substrates containing phosphate groups and to cause fluorescent “turn-on” or “turn-off” changes [ 19 ].…”