Recent progress in nanocomposites based on conducting polymer: application as electrochemical sensors

Rhazi, Mama El; Majid, Sanaâ; Elbasri, Miloud; Salih, Fatima Ezzahra; Oularbi, Larbi; Lafdi, Khalid

doi:10.1007/s40089-018-0238-2

Cited by 137 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 175 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…Nowadays, nanotechnology has been becoming more and more important. Different nanomaterials actively modified electrodes have come up with enormous advantages, for instance, the increase of the surface-to-volume ratio, low cost, high porosity, ease of modification,… [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Also, these modifications allow to avoid the overpotential [ 28 ], interference problems [ 28 ], surface fouling [ 29 ] and provides long lifetime of 3 months [ 30 ].…”

Section: Electrochemical Sensors For Hexavalent Chromium Determinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Monitoring of Chromium

Hilali

Mohammadi

Amine

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The extensive use of chromium by several industries conducts to the discharge of an immense quantity of its various forms in the environment which affects drastically the ecological and biological lives especially in the case of hexavalent chromium. Electrochemical sensors and biosensors are useful devices for chromium determination. In the last five years, several sensors based on the modification of electrode surface by different nanomaterials (fluorine tin oxide, titanium dioxide, carbon nanomaterials, metallic nanoparticles and nanocomposite) and biosensors with different biorecognition elements (microbial fuel cell, bacteria, enzyme, DNA) were employed for chromium monitoring. Herein, recent advances related to the use of electrochemical approaches for measurement of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from 2015 to 2020 are reported. A discussion of both chromium species detections and speciation studies is provided.

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Section: Electrochemical Sensors For Hexavalent Chromium Determinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Monitoring of Chromium

Hilali

Mohammadi

Amine

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…Magnetic composites are a class of composites, whose properties can be manipulated using magnetic fields and to use them as absorber relative permeability (μ) and magnetic losses are encountered [24,25]. These are the combinations of two or more composites in which one will be ferrites [26]. Ferrites are non-conductive ferromagnetic compounds of ceramic derived from iron oxide mixed with other metal oxides, having the cubic crystal structure [27][28][29].…”

Section: Magnetic Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In dielectric nanocomposites, two or more materials are combined to enhance and control the relative permittivity of resultant material on application of external electric field [44,45]. Metamaterials are also a part of dielectric nanocomposites which were greatly explored in the end of nineteenth century to manipulate the electromagnetic waves [26,46]. They are artificial or manmade materials fabricated from nanostructured composites or nanocomposites specially designed to miniaturize existing absorbers, wider adaptability, and increased effectiveness by enhancing its dielectric constants.…”

Section: Dielectric Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the feasibility of development of nanomaterial-based microwave absorbers

Rani

Marwaha

2018

Int Nano Lett

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Advancement in the use of microwave electronics by the wireless devices, networks' server and switches, wireless antenna systems, and mobile phone base station potentially increased the radio-frequency interference. Effective elimination of this electromagnetic pollution is very necessary for proper working of electronic equipments. Microwave absorbers serve the above purpose leading to have enormous commercial and defence applications, for antenna shielding and laboratory testing of antenna. Researchers are, therefore, paying much attention on the study and fabrication of different materials and their shapes so as to use them as an absorber which ideally exhibits properties such as (1) strong absorption; (2) minimize the reflection of microwaves at air to absorber interface; (3) broader bandwidth; (4) low weight and thickness; (5) ignition at very high temperature; (6) frequency tunability; and (7) transparent and cost effective. In this paper, absorber designs based on materials and geometries proposed by number of researchers have been extensively reviewed. The preamble presented here can be explored to design novel absorbers combining material and geometry-based designs for enhanced performance to meet the future challenges.

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“…In particular, the excellent electrical properties of the CP-based biomaterials allow it to be used as signal transmission systems for communicating between various cells (e.g., nerve cells, muscle cells, and stem cells) and the materials [3][4][5]. Accordingly, CP-based materials have been applied to materials such as biosensors [6][7][8], neuroprobes [9], tissue engineering scaffolds [3,4], and drug carriers [10][11][12]. This is because the electrical signal can be accurately and incrementally delivered by controlling the degree and duration of the electrical stimulus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma Ray-Induced Polymerization and Cross-Linking for Optimization of PPy/PVP Hydrogel as Biomaterial

et al. 2020

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Conducting polymer (CP)-based hydrogels exhibit the behaviors of bending or contraction/relaxation due to electrical stimulation. They are similar in some ways to biological organs and have advantages regarding manipulation and miniaturization. Thus, these hydrogels have attracted considerable interest for biomedical applications. In this study, we prepared PPy/PVP hydrogel with different concentrations and content through polymerization and cross-linking induced by gamma-ray irradiation at 25 kGy to optimize the mechanical properties of the resulting PPy/PVP hydrogel. Optimization of the PPy/PVP hydrogel was confirmed by characterization using scanning electron microscopy, gel fraction, swelling ratio, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, we assessed live-cell viability using live/dead assay and CCK-8 assay, and found good cell viability regardless of the concentration and content of Py/pTS. The conductivity of PPy/PVP hydrogel was at least 13 mS/cm. The mechanical properties of PPy/PVP hydrogel are important factors in their application for biomaterials. It was found that 0.15PPy/PVP20 (51.96 ± 6.12 kPa) exhibited better compressive strength than the other samples for use in CP-based hydrogels. Therefore, it was concluded that gamma rays can be used to optimize PPy/PVP hydrogel and that biomedical applications of CP-based hydrogels will be possible.Polymers 2020, 12, 111 2 of 11 due to its excellent biocompatibility and environmental stability [3,4,14]. In addition, PPy has the advantage of the range of its electrical conductivity spanning from 10 to 100 S/cm [15]. However, PPy has the disadvantage of being brittle and mechanically unstable due to its conjugated chain structure [16]. Thus, existing CP-based biomaterials have limited use in living bodies because they are too hard and brittle [4,8]. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a biomaterial by which CPs could be applied to the soft tissue of a living body. To overcome such weaknesses, CPs-based hydrogels have been actively developed [17][18][19]. The multifaceted challenge in tissue engineering is to find an ideal hydrogel prepolymer that can mimic the biology of human tissues in terms of structure, function, and performance [20]. One of the major issues in electroactive and conductive tissue engineering is the fabrication of multifunctional hydrogels with native-like biological, electrical, and mechanical properties. Therefore, the incorporation of conductive nanomaterials into hydrogels has gained substantial interest as it not only increases the electrical conductivity, but also improves the elasticity and biological activity relative to the pure hydrogel [21,22].Hydrogel is a three-dimensional network structure with a polymer chain bonded through covalent and/or secondary bonds, which enables strong hydrogen bonding with water molecules. Hydrogel can contain a large amount of water, and when in contact with water shows substantial swelling. Even so, it does not easily decompose or dissolve in water. In addition, its mechanical s...

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Recent progress in nanocomposites based on conducting polymer: application as electrochemical sensors

Cited by 137 publications

References 175 publications

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Monitoring of Chromium

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Monitoring of Chromium

Exploring the feasibility of development of nanomaterial-based microwave absorbers

Gamma Ray-Induced Polymerization and Cross-Linking for Optimization of PPy/PVP Hydrogel as Biomaterial

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