Recent Progress in Preparation and Anti-Icing Applications of Superhydrophobic Coatings

Lin, Yue; Chen, Haifeng; Wang, Guanyu; Liu, Aihui

doi:10.3390/coatings8060208

Cited by 147 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 179 publications

(177 reference statements)

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“…Consequently, there is an ongoing search for highly hydrophobic, porous, sorbent materials to be employed in various large‐scale applications in industry such as oil spill cleanup, hydrocarbon storage/separation, or water purification . Many academics, industrial scientists, and engineers have therefore conducted research on the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces, which involves hydrophobic surface modification and creating surface roughness on the micrometer‐ or nanoscale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks

et al. 2019

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formed from organic ligands and metal cations. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] They are typically synthesized under mild conditions via coordinationdirected self-assembly processes and are also known as metal-organic coordination networks and porous coordination polymers. [11][12][13][14] Due to their high surface areas, large porosity, tunable pore sizes, and functionalities, MOFs have prospective applications in fields such as gas storage/separation, sensing or recognition, proton conduction, and magnetism. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] However, the advantageous unique structural features of even some of the best-performing MOFs are readily degraded because of their high moisture sensitivity, which may limit their practical applications. [29][30][31][32] Consequently, there is an ongoing search for highly hydrophobic, porous, sorbent materials to be employed in various large-scale applications in industry such as oil spill cleanup, hydrocarbon storage/separation, or water purification. [33][34][35][36][37] Many academics, industrial scientists, and engineers have therefore conducted research on the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces, which involves hydrophobic surface modification and creating surface roughness on the micrometer-or nanoscale. Hydrophobic surfaces are defined as substrates with an apparent contact angle greater than 90° with respect to water. On superhydrophobic materials, water droplets have contact angles above 150° and show very low adhesion because the drops partially rest on an air cushion. The surface energy and roughness govern the wettability of hydrophobic surfaces. In general, lower surface energies and higher roughness are associated with larger contact angles, lower contact angle hysteresis, and robust superhydrophobicity. Because of their ultralow surface energies (10-20 mN m −1 ), alkyl-based or fluorinated compounds are commonly used as hydrophobic modifiers to prepare surfaces with high intrinsic contact angles (>90°). [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Recently, few methods have been developed for synthesizing hydrophobic MOFs including both pristine and composite systems. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in hydrophobic MOF synthesis and the field's challenges and opportunities. Various synthetic strategies for preparing hydrophobic MOFs and their composites are introduced. We discuss the basics of wetting and critical challenges in the characterization of these hydrophobic materials. The potential applications of hydrophobic MOFs and related Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have diverse potential applications in catalysis, gas storage, separation, and drug delivery because of their nanoscale periodicity, permanent porosity, channel functionalization, and structural diversity. Despite these promising properties, the inherent structural features of even some of the best-performing MOFs make them moisture-sensitive and unstable in aqueous media, limiting their practical usefulness. This problem could be ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks

et al. 2019

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Good performance of such AFF coatings on glass and metals (Al and Cu) has been achieved. This phenomenon is known as fogging or frosting depending on whether the surface temperature is lower than the dew or frost point of water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This phenomenon is known as fogging or frosting depending on whether the surface temperature is lower than the dew or frost point of water. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] In addition to superhydrophobic AFF coatings, there are also many antifog/antifrost coatings made of superhydrophilic materials. It causes inconveniences, damages, and even triggers hazardous situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of superhydrophilic nanosilica/polyacrylate hard coatings on plastic substrate for antifogging and frost‐resistant applications

Chang

Lin

Cheng

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A series of photosensitive hydrophilic agents (T20) comprising Tween-20, isophorone diisocyanate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate moieties were synthesized and used in the preparation of antifog/frost resistant (AFF) hard coatings on plastic substrates. By means of a hydrophilic/hydrophobic bilayer design, the prepared coatings demonstrated not only AFF property but also water resistibility. The bottom layer is an organic-inorganic composite consisting of SiO 2 nanoparticles embedded in a polymeric network of crosslinked dipentaethritol hexaacrylate. The AFF layer incorporates T20 in the formulations and links covalently with the bottom layer through a UV-curing polymerization process. Various methods, for example, FTIR, SEM, contact angle, and steam/defrosting tests, were employed to characterize the prepared coatings. Optimally, the coatings were found to be transparent, strong (4H, pencil hardness), adhering perfectly (level 5B) to the poly(methyl methacrylate) substrate, and could be soaked in water for 24 h at 25 C without losing hydrophilicity (contact angle~0 ) or antifogging capability.Recently, a new promising approach was reported which introduced the layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly technique to prepare coatings that demonstrated both antifogging and antifrosting effects. [35][36][37][38][39] For example, Lee et al. assembled PVA/PAA multilayers and then post-treated with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (PEG) to produce AFF coatings. 37 The PEG segments were found to serve, in addition to PVA and PAA, as sites to absorb nonfreezing water and prevent formation Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.

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“…According to this first point, most of the approaches are based on the incorporation of fluorine groups in the outer surface because these functional groups can effectively cause a lower surface free energy [2][3][4]. As for the second point, two main wetting models (Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter) are used to explain of the effect of surface textures on the non-wettability which is directly associated to the microscopic rough surface [5]. In the Wenzel mechanism the liquid totally punctures the roughness channels [6], whereas in the Cassie-Baxter mechanism the surface superhydrophobicity is associated to the air trapped underneath the liquid inside the grooves [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Multifunctional Coatings Based on Electrospun Fibers with Incorporated ZnO Nanoparticles

et al. 2019

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In this work, polymeric fibers of polystyrene (PS) with incorporated ZnO nanoparticles have been deposited onto an aluminum alloy substrate (6061T6) by using the electrospinning technique. In order to optimize the deposition process, the applied voltage and flow rate have been evaluated in order to obtain micrometric electrospun fibers with a high average roughness and superhydrophobic behavior. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) has also been employed in order to corroborate the amount of ZnO incorporated into the electrospun fibers, whereas differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been performed in order to determine the glass transition temperature (T g ) of the polymeric electrospun fibers. In addition, a specific thermal treatment (T g + 20 • C) of the synthesized electrospun fibers has been evaluated in the resultant corrosion resistance. A comparative study with previously reported results corresponding to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fibers is carried out along this paper to show the changes in behavior due to the different compositions and fiber diameters. The coating has produced an important reduction of the corrosion current of the aluminum substrate in two orders of magnitude, showing also an important enhancement against pitting corrosion resistance. Finally, this deposition technique can be used as an innovative way for the design of both superhydrophobic and anticorrosive surfaces in one unique step over metallic substrates with arbitrary geometry.

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Recent Progress in Preparation and Anti-Icing Applications of Superhydrophobic Coatings

Cited by 147 publications

References 179 publications

Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks

Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks

Preparation of superhydrophilic nanosilica/polyacrylate hard coatings on plastic substrate for antifogging and frost‐resistant applications

A Comparative Study of Multifunctional Coatings Based on Electrospun Fibers with Incorporated ZnO Nanoparticles

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