Recent progress in surface and heterointerface engineering of 2D MXenes for gas sensing applications

Sai Bhargava Reddy, M.; Aich, Shampa

doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215542

Cited by 41 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 381 publications

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“…66 Figure 2 illustrates different elements constituting MXene and MAX phases. 67 MXenes are typically synthesized through etching in HF etchants, introducing surface groups such as −O, −F, or −OH onto the MXene surface. During etching, the A element is selectively removed: 68−70…”

Section: Mxene-based Gas Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistive Gas Sensors Based on 2D TMDs and MXenes

Mirzaei,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Acc. Chem. Res.

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Metrics & MoreArticle Recommendations CONSPECTUS: Gas sensors are used in various applications to sense toxic gases, mainly for enhanced safety. Resistive sensors are particularly popular owing to their ability to detect trace amounts of gases, high stability, fast response times, and affordability. Semiconducting metal oxides are commonly employed in the fabrication of resistive gas sensors. However, these sensors often require high working temperatures, bringing about increased energy consumption and reduced selectivity. Furthermore, they do not have enough flexibility, and their performance is significantly decreased under bending, stretching, or twisting. To address these challenges, alternative materials capable of operating at lower temperatures with high flexibility are needed. Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as MXenes and transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer high surface area and conductivity owing to their unique 2D structure, making them promising candidates for realization of resistive gas sensors. Nevertheless, their sensing performance in pristine form is typically weak and unacceptable, particularly in terms of response, selectivity, and recovery time (t rec ). To overcome these drawbacks, several strategies can be employed to enhance their sensing properties. Noble-metal decoration such as (Au, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ag) is a highly promising method, in which the catalytic effects of noble metals as well as formation of potential barriers with MXenes or TMDs eventually contribute to boosted response. Additionally, bimetallic noble metals such as Pt−Pd and Au/Pd with their synergistic properties can further improve sensor performance. Ion implantation is another feasible approach, involving doping of sensing materials with the desired concentration of dopants through control over the energy and dosage of the irradiation ions as well as creation of structural defects such as oxygen vacancies through high-energy ion-beam irradiation, contributing to enhanced sensing capabilities. The formation of core−shell structures is also effective, creating numerous interfaces between core and shell materials that optimize the sensing characteristics. However, the shell thickness needs to be carefully optimized to achieve the best sensing output. To reduce energy consumption, sensors can operate in a self-heating condition where an external voltage is applied to the electrodes, significantly lowering the power requirements. This enables sensors to function in energy-constrained environments, such as remote or low-energy areas. An important advantage of 2D MXenes and TMDs is their high mechanical flexibility. Unlike semiconducting metal oxides that lack mechanical flexibility, MXenes and TMDs can maintain their sensing performance even when integrated onto flexible substrates and subjected to bending, tilting, or stretching. This flexibility makes them ideal for fabricating flexible and portable gas sensors that rigid sensors cannot achieve.

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Section: Mxene-based Gas Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common method for synthesizing MXene involves the etching of their parent MAX phases (M n+1 AX n (MAX)), in which n = 1 to 3, and A is a group 13–16 elements Figure illustrates different elements constituting MXene and MAX phases …”

Section: Mxene-based Gas Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistive Gas Sensors Based on 2D TMDs and MXenes

Mirzaei,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Acc. Chem. Res.

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“…Graphene is the first single layered nanosheet that was discovered in 2004, became a reference for all 2D materials . New 2D nanosheet materials are being developed continuously, such as hexagonal boron nitride ( h -BN), and transition metals dichalcogenides (TMDC), transition metal oxides (TMO), transition metal carbides (TMC), etc. , The large surface area of these 2D nanosheets make them perfect for catalyzing reactions. Exceptional electronic conductivity promises their use in electronics and energy storage applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene Nanosheets and their Applications

Yadav,

Kumar,

Sharma

2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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is a two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet material from the MXene family formed by selective etching of aluminum atoms in ternary carbide Ti 3 AlC 2 sheet. This selective etching process results in a 2D nanosheet with titanium and fluorine atoms on the surface. MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x has several attractive properties for various applications, such as excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical properties with good chemical stability. MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x also has a large surface area and can be easily functionalized by introducing different chemical groups onto its surface. Some notable applications of MXene include supercapacitors and batteries owing to its high electrical conductivity and large surface area. MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x has also been explored as a catalyst for various reactions, including hydrogen evolution and CO 2 reduction. The main emphasis of this review is centered around exploring the electrical, magnetic, and optical characteristics of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes. Additionally, it provides a concise overview of the different approaches used for synthesizing these materials, specifically the top-down and bottom-up methods. Furthermore, the review thoroughly examines the significant applications of MXenes across multiple fields, encompassing biology, water remediation, sensors, catalysis, energy storage, and membrane separation, wearable electronics. This review considers the challenges that arise when working with MXenes and offers insights into potential future directions and perspectives in the field. Overall, MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x is a promising 2D nanosheet material with a widespread application in various fields, and research into its properties and applications is ongoing.

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“…Many different types of materials can be used to construct nanoparticles, including ceramics [5], metals [6], polymers [7,8], hydrogels [8,9], and semiconductors [10,11]. These materials have great potential in various domains including photocatalysis [12,13], energy storage [14], gas sensing [15], etc. Nanomaterials, which are so small that they are measured on the nanoscale, often have distinct physical, chemical, and biological characteristics that are distinct from those of their bulk counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syzygium aromaticum Bud Extracted Core–Shell Ag–Fe Bimetallic Nanoparticles: Phytotoxic, Antioxidant, Insecticidal, and Antibacterial Properties

Murtaza,

Akhter,

Qamar

et al. 2024

Crystals

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Today, there is the roar of sustainable material development around the globe. Green nanotechnology is one of the extensions of sustainability. Due to its sustainable approach, the green fabrication of nanoparticles has recently surpassed their classical synthesis in popularity. Among metal nanoparticles, contemporary findings have demonstrated that bimetallic nanoparticles possess more potential for different applications than monometallic nanoparticles due to the synergistic effects of the two metals. So, we are presenting facile, one-vessel, and one-step phyto-fabrication of Ag–Fe BMNPs using the bud extract of Syzygiumaromaticum. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-VIS, XRD, EDX, FTIR, and SEM. The synthesized NPs and the extract underwent biological studies. The radical scavenging potential of the NPs and the extract was found to be 64% and 73%, and the insecticidal potential was found to be 80% and 100%, respectively. Similarly, the NPs and the extract both exhibited good antibacterial activity. The zone of inhibition using 100 mg/mL of extract and NPs was found to be 1 cm against all bacterial species, i.e., K. pneumonia, E. coli, and S. aureus. It was 1.5 cm, 1.3 cm, and 1 cm against K. pneumonia, E. coli, and S. aureus, respectively, showing that the antibacterial activity of the extract is higher than that of the NPs. So, this study unlocks the synthesis of Ag–Fe bimetallic nanoparticles using eco-safe, cost-effective, facile, and least-harmful green methodology with potential applications of both NPs and SA extract in medical and agricultural fields, a step towards sustainability.

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Recent progress in surface and heterointerface engineering of 2D MXenes for gas sensing applications

Cited by 41 publications

References 381 publications

Resistive Gas Sensors Based on 2D TMDs and MXenes

Resistive Gas Sensors Based on 2D TMDs and MXenes

Review of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene Nanosheets and their Applications

Syzygium aromaticum Bud Extracted Core–Shell Ag–Fe Bimetallic Nanoparticles: Phytotoxic, Antioxidant, Insecticidal, and Antibacterial Properties

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Recent progress in surface and heterointerface engineering of 2D MXenes for gas sensing applications

Cited by 41 publications

References 381 publications

Resistive Gas Sensors Based on 2D TMDs and MXenes

Resistive Gas Sensors Based on 2D TMDs and MXenes

Review of Ti3C2Tx MXene Nanosheets and their Applications

Syzygium aromaticum Bud Extracted Core–Shell Ag–Fe Bimetallic Nanoparticles: Phytotoxic, Antioxidant, Insecticidal, and Antibacterial Properties

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Review of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene Nanosheets and their Applications