Recent Progress in Vaccine Development Against Chikungunya Virus

Gao, Shan; Shi, Song; Zhang, Leiliang

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02881

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Vaccines are typically divided into different types, including inactivated vaccines, live attenuated vaccines, vectored vaccines, nucleic acid-based vaccines, and recombinant subunit vaccines (Gao et al, 2019).…”

Section: Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of COVID-19

Shi

Gang

Cai

et al. 2020

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

519

332

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Pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection emerged in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. By Feb. 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially named the disease resulting from infection with SARS-CoV-2 as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 represents a spectrum of clinical manifestations that typically include fever, dry cough, and fatigue, often with pulmonary involvement. SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious and most individuals within the population at large are susceptible to infection. Wild animal hosts and infected patients are currently the main sources of disease which is transmitted via respiratory droplets and direct contact. Since the outbreak, the Chinese government and scientific community have acted rapidly to identify the causative agent and promptly shared the viral gene sequence, and have carried out measures to contain the epidemic. Meanwhile, recent research has revealed critical aspects of SARS-CoV-2 biology and disease pathogenesis; other studies have focused on epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, as well as drug and vaccine development. This review aims to summarize the latest research findings and to provide expert consensus. We will also share ongoing efforts and experience in China, which may provide insight on how to contain the epidemic and improve our understanding of this emerging infectious disease, together with updated guidance for prevention, control, and critical management of this pandemic.

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Section: Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of COVID-19

Shi

Gang

Cai

et al. 2020

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

519

332

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently, Moderna Therapeutics tested a vaccine based on engineered mRNA encoding CHIKV structural polyproteins (mRNA-1388) in a phase I clinical trial. As shown in preclinical studies, this formulation induced strong immune responses after one single injection, totally protecting mice from developing the disease (129).…”

Section: Chikvmentioning

confidence: 67%

Viral Emerging Diseases: Challenges in Developing Vaccination Strategies

et al. 2020

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In the last decades, a number of infectious viruses have emerged from wildlife or reemerged, generating serious threats to the global health and to the economy worldwide. Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fevers, Lassa fever, Dengue fever, Yellow fever, West Nile fever, Zika, and Chikungunya vector-borne diseases, Swine flu, Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the recent Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are examples of zoonoses that have spread throughout the globe with such a significant impact on public health that the scientific community has been called for a rapid intervention in preventing and treating emerging infections. Vaccination is probably the most effective tool in helping the immune system to activate protective responses against pathogens, reducing morbidity and mortality, as proven by historical records. Under health emergency conditions, new and alternative approaches in vaccine design and development are imperative for a rapid and massive vaccination coverage, to manage a disease outbreak and curtail the epidemic spread. This review gives an update on the current vaccination strategies for some of the emerging/re-emerging viruses, and discusses challenges and hurdles to overcome for developing efficacious vaccines against future pathogens.

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“…Compared with inactivated whole-virus vaccines, live-attenuated virus vaccines can stimulate an adaptive long-term immune response. However, higher immunogenicity is usually associated with a lower safety profile [ 109 , 110 ]. So far, one inactivated virus and five live attenuated whole-virus vaccines, prepared by different developers, have progressed into human pre-clinical trials.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Vaccine Platformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The viral nucleocapsid (N), spike (S) or envelope (E) subunits are obtained through proteolysis or chemical hydrolysis to prepare the subunit vaccines. By using one viral protein subunit, this type of vaccine activates an immune response without inducing the production of antibodies against unrelated antigens [ 110 ]. Although these vaccine platforms have the highest safety profile among all other platforms, they have been considered to be weakly immunogenic [ 126 ].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Vaccine Platformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel insights into the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection: An overview of current clinical trials

Oroojalian

Haghbin

Baradaran

et al. 2020

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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The emergence of the global pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus has motivated scientists to find a definitive treatment or a vaccine against it in the shortest possible time. Current efforts towards this goal remain fruitless without a full understanding of the behavior of the virus and its adaptor proteins. This review provides an overview of the biological properties, functional mechanisms, and molecular components of SARS-CoV-2, along with investigational therapeutic and preventive approaches for this virus. Since the proteolytic cleavage of the S protein is critical for virus penetration into cells, a set of drugs, such as chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, camostat mesylate have been tested in clinical trials to suppress this event. In addition to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, the role of CD147 in the viral entrance has also been proposed. Mepolizumab has shown to be effective in blocking the virus's cellular entrance. Antiviral drugs, such as remdesivir, ritonavir, oseltamivir, darunavir, lopinavir, zanamivir, peramivir, and oseltamivir, have also been tested as treatments for COVID-19. Regarding preventive vaccines, the whole virus, vectors, nucleic acids, and structural subunits have been suggested for vaccine development. Mesenchymal stem cells and natural killer cells could also be used against SARS-CoV-2. All the above-mentioned strategies, as well as the role of nanomedicine for the diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection, have been discussed in this review.

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Recent Progress in Vaccine Development Against Chikungunya Virus

Cited by 57 publications

References 41 publications

An overview of COVID-19

An overview of COVID-19

Viral Emerging Diseases: Challenges in Developing Vaccination Strategies

Novel insights into the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection: An overview of current clinical trials

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