Recent Progress of Innovative Perovskite Hybrid Solar Cells

Abstract

Recently, innovative perovskite hybrid solar cells have attracted great interest in solar cell research fields, such as dye‐sensitized solar cells, organic photovoltaics, thin‐film solar cells, and silicon solar cells, because their device efficiencies are gradually approaching those of crystalline Si solar cells, and they can be fabricated by cheap low‐temperature solution processes. Here, we review the recent progress of innovative perovskite hybrid solar cells. The introduction includes the general concerns about solar cells and why we need innovative solar cells. The second part explains the structure and the material properties of hybrid perovskite materials. We focus on why the hybrid perovskite materials can exhibit excellent solar cell properties, such as high open‐circuit voltage. The third part introduces recent progress in innovative perovskite hybrid solar cells, in terms of device architecture and deposition methods for dense perovskite thin films with full surface coverage. The device architecture is important in attaining high power conversion efficiency; the device operating mechanism is dependent on the device structure; and the pinhole‐free dense perovskite thin films with full surface coverage are crucial for achieving high efficiency. Finally, we summarize the recent progress in perovskite hybrid solar cells, and the issues to be solved, in the summary and outlook section.

Perovskite Solar Cells: Progress and Advancements

“…In the "one-step" deposition or spin coating method, the perovskite precursors of appropriate stoichiometry are prepared in a common solution and are then spin coated into a thin film (Figure 7a) [77]. Power conversion efficiency of over 20% has been achieved using this single step method [28,34].…”

Progress and Prospect on Stability of Perovskite Photovoltaics

“…CH3NH3SnI3 was deposited using solution method in mesoporous TiO2 scaffold but showed poor surface coverage and homogeneities [11,33]. The poor film quality and low surface coverage which caused interfacial recombination attributed for weak performance of tin perovskites compare to Pb-based materials [50,58]. In a different work, with a similar CH3NH3SnI3 perovskite materials having slightly lower bandgap energy of 1.23 eV, Snaith et al [32] reported a solar cell with efficiency of 6.4%.…”

“…Methylammonium tin iodide (CH3NH3SnI3) as the light-absorbing material has 1.3 eV energy band gap which can absorb all solar spectrum [50]. Tin based perovskite PV contains Sn which oxidizes from Sn 2+ to Sn 4+ which is metal like because of the band gap [42,49,51].…”

“…Tin based perovskite PV contains Sn which oxidizes from Sn 2+ to Sn 4+ which is metal like because of the band gap [42,49,51]. Despite this problem in Sn based perovskite PV, [50] and reported a working Sn-based PV.…”

Highly efficient CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskite solar cells prepared by AuCl 3 -doped graphene transparent conducting electrodes

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Especially, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have been considered as a new light absorber for solar cells because of their excellent properties such as high absorption coefficient, ambipolar charge transportability, small exciton binding energy, long charge carrier's diffusion length, and solution processability. [7][8][9] The device architecture of perovskite solar cells can be classified to n-i-p (normal structure) [1][2][3][4][10][11][12][13] and p-i-n type (inverted structure) [14][15][16][17][18]. So far the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells has been achieved by n-i-p type device architecture which requires high temperature process due to the mesoscopic electron transporting layer (ETL) such as TiO 2 .…”