Recent Progress on Sb‐ and Bi‐based Chalcogenide Anodes for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Potassium ion batteries (PIBs) are potential alternative energy storage systems to lithium ion batteries (LIBs), due to elemental abundance of potassium, low cost and similar working principle to LIBs. Recently, metal chalcogenides (MCs) have gained enormous interests, especially antimony (Sb)‐, bismuth (Bi)‐based chalcogenides because they were able to undergo alloying/conversion dual mechanism, which can provide higher specific capacity and energy density (K3Sb∼660 mA h g−1, K3Bi∼385 mA h g−1). However, several challenges hinder the development of Sb‐, Bi‐based chalcogenide anode materials for PIBs, such as huge volume expansion during potassiation, unstable solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI), slow reaction kinetics, and polychalcogenide‐induced shuttle effect. In this review, the current state‐of‐the‐art Sb‐, Bi‐based chalcogenides are comprehensively summarized, including the reaction mechanism, electrochemical performance, ingenious nanostructures, electrolyte systems, and prospects for future development. This review contributes to understanding the K+ storage mechanism and the interaction between active materials and electrolytes, providing guidance and foundation for the design of next‐generation high‐performance PIBs.

Unveiling the Nature of Ultrastable Potassium Storage in Bi0.48Sb1.52Se3 Composite

“…), and alloying type (Bi, Sb, Sn, Ge, etc. ). − Among these materials, the Bi/Sb-based chalcogenides as typical conversion/alloying electrode materials have received more attention due to their attractive theoretical capacity, which are considered as the potential anode materials for PIBs. − However, high capacity means huge volume change and high chemomechanical stress, which will lead to the pulverization and failure of electrode material. To solve these problems, one of the effective strategies is to design nanostructured materials, which facilitate shortening ion diffusion paths, accelerating the exchange of potassium ions and electrons.…”

Recent advance and design strategies of chalcogenides for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries

“…Bi 2 S 3 is a semiconductor material known for its narrow bandgap of 1.3 eV and high ionic conductivity. It has been extensively studied and utilized in the field of energy storage [128]. The material consists of anisotropic Bi 4 S 6 layers that are weakly bonded by van der Waals forces, resulting in a layered structure of Bi 2 S 3 (figure 12(a)).…”

Phosphorus‐based anodes for fast‐charging alkali metal ion batteries

“…To realize AMIBs making rapid progress in terms of fast-charging, researchers have been trying to seek for anode materials with high specific capacity, moderate reaction voltages, and fast reaction kinetics. 5,[29][30][31][32][33] As shown in Figure 1, typical anodes can be classified into four categories, which are the intercalation typed (e.g., graphite, hard carbon, graphene, titanate, etc. ), [34][35][36][37] alloying typed (e.g., Si, Sn, Sb, Bi, P, etc.…”