Recent research and advances of material-based saturable absorber in mode-locked fiber laser

Lau, Kenneth; Hou, Dong

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2020.106826

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 272 publications

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“…The I-scan measurement setup was proposed as a standard method to determine the NLO response of the SA. [35,70] The setup consists of an ultrafast laser source and a variable optical attenuator to control the input power, a coupler divides the optical signal into linear transmission without the SA and nonlinear transmission with the SA as shown in Figure 8a. The output powers of both linear and nonlinear paths were measured through optical power meters.…”

Section: I-scan Measurement Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene Saturable Absorbers in Mode‐Locked Fiber Laser

Lau

Liu

Qiu

2022

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Being a new class of two dimensional (2D) metal carbides, borides, and nitrides, MXenes comprise one of the largest families of 2D nanomaterials that provide huge possibilities in photonics, electronics, and energy, Particularly, MXenes are discovered recently as alternatives to conventional saturable absorbers (SAs), such as carbon nanotube and graphene, which are used for short laser pulse generation. The high saturable absorption, astounding modulation depth, flexible bandgap tunability, and high electron density near Fermi level are the main features that make MXenes excellent candidate materials for SAs. Herein, this review summarizes the recent development on synthesis and characterization of the MXene, with focus on the nonlinear saturable absorption and the application of the MXene SA in mode‐locked fiber lasers. The emerging issues and challenges associated with MXene based SAs, as well as future perspectives of the reviewed topic are also discussed.

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Section: I-scan Measurement Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene Saturable Absorbers in Mode‐Locked Fiber Laser

Lau

Liu

Qiu

2022

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…Titanium nitrate quantum dots (TiN QDs) were constructed by modifying a solvothermal method [56] reported in our previous work [58], where in this work we increased the ratio of the glycerol and ammonia treatment program to obtain monodispersed ultrasmall TiN QDs. In brief, 500 mg of tetrabutyl titanate (>99%, GC grade, Macklin Inc., Shanghai, China), 12 mL of glycerol (99%, AR grade, Macklin Inc., Shanghai, China), 20 mL of methanol (99.5%, AR grade, Macklin Inc., Shanghai, China), and 12 mL of ethyl ether (99%, AR grade, Macklin Inc., Shanghai, China) were mixed under vigorous stirring for 1 h, followed by a solvothermal process at 150 • C for 15 h. The resultant products were collected via centrifugation with a centrifuge (Thermal Scientific, SORVALL ST 16R, Waltham, MA, USA) at 12,000 rpm for 15 min and washed with ethanol (99.5%, AR grade, Macklin Inc., Shanghai, China) 3 times, followed by drying in a vacuum oven (Memmert, VO500, Schwabach, Germany) at 70 • C overnight.…”

Section: Preparation Characterization and Nonlinear Optical Propertie...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, they are suitable to use as potential SAs for ultrafast photonics [54,55]. Review [56] describes the current mainstream material synthesis technologies and some other proposed technologies for the synthesis of saturable absorbers. Some researchers have also proposed a new method to produce SAs from plastic materials and ethylene glycol [57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Monodispersed Titanium Nitride Quantum Dots for Harmonic Mode-Locking Generation in an Ultrafast Fiber Laser

Yang

Zou

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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As a member of the transition metal nitride material family, titanium nitride (TiN) quantum dots (QDs) have attracted great attention in optical and electronic fields because of their excellent optoelectronic properties and favorable stability. Herein, TiN QDs were synthesized and served as a saturable absorber (SA) for an ultrafast fiber laser. Due to the strong nonlinear optical absorption characteristics with a modulation depth of ~33%, the typical fundamental mode-locked pulses and harmonics mode-locked pulses can be easily obtained in an ultrafast erbium-doped fiber laser with a TiN-QD SA. In addition, at the maximum pump power, harmonic mode-locked pulses with a repetition rate of ~1 GHz (164th order) and a pulse duration of ~1.45 ps are achieved. As far as we know, the repetition rate is the highest in the ultrafast fiber laser using TiN QDs as an SA. Thus, these experimental results indicate that TiN QDs can be considered a promising material, showing more potential in the category of ultrafast laser and nonlinear optics.

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“…PCFs padding integration method have similar advantages to lateral integration method including longer interaction length and higher power. [ 70 ] In the meanwhile, this method also increases the robustness of fibers as well as provides a closed environment compared to D‐shaped and tapered fibers. But the insertion loss and the distortion of the guiding mode call for proper length of PCFs in the method.…”

Section: Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration and Applications of Nanomaterials for Ultrafast Photonics

Zhao

Jin

Liu

et al. 2022

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Nanomaterials with remarkable optical, mechanical, and electrical properties have shed new light on various fields including optoelectronics, sensors, biomedicine, and ultrafast photonics. Particularly, owing to their nonlinear optical properties, fast recovery time, and broadband operation, nanomaterials are well qualified as saturable absorbers in ultrafast pulsed lasers. Over the development of the past decades, various nanomaterials have been developed as saturable absorbers, which contribute to a diversity of lasers with excellent performance. Therefore, it is important for researchers to provide a landmark of the applications of nanomaterials in ultrafast photonics concerning cutting‐edge development. Herein, the integration and applications of nanomaterials in ultrafast photonics are reviewed. First, end‐face, lateral, as well as photonic crystal fibers padding integration methods are introduced along with their process and characteristics. Then the ultrafast applications of nanomaterials including carbon‐based (carbon nanotubes and graphene), typical 2D (topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, and MXenes), and metal‐based nanomaterials (gold, silver, copper, and metal oxides) are summarized. Major parameters of ultrafast lasers and features of each nanomaterial are presented simultaneously. Finally, the perspectives of nanomaterials for further development in ultrafast photonics are discussed.

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Recent research and advances of material-based saturable absorber in mode-locked fiber laser

Cited by 42 publications

References 272 publications

MXene Saturable Absorbers in Mode‐Locked Fiber Laser

MXene Saturable Absorbers in Mode‐Locked Fiber Laser

Facile Synthesis of Monodispersed Titanium Nitride Quantum Dots for Harmonic Mode-Locking Generation in an Ultrafast Fiber Laser

Integration and Applications of Nanomaterials for Ultrafast Photonics

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