Recent Spread and Current Worldwide Distribution of Fire Blight.

Zwet, T. van der; Bonn, W. G.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1999.489.24

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Erwinia amylovora, the causative agent of fire blight, is a highly challenging bacterial plant pathogen that threatens sustainable pome fruit production in North America, Central Europe, Middle East and New Zealand (Van der Zwet et al, 2012). The disease affects many species in the Rosaceae family, and in particular the economically important apple (Malus X domestica) and pear (Pyrus communis) cultivars (Vanneste, 2000;Van der Zwet et al, 2012). Bacterial colonization of the flower pistil and hypanthium leads to subsequent migration into plant tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of lysogeny in wild populations of Erwinia amylovora and Pantoea agglomerans

Roach

Sjaarda

et al. 2015

Microbial Biotechnology

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Lytic bacteriophages are in development as biological control agents for the prevention of fire blight disease caused by Erwinia amylovora. Temperate phages should be excluded as biologicals since lysogeny produces the dual risks of host resistance to phage attack and the transduction of virulence determinants between bacteria. The extent of lysogeny was estimated in wild populations of E. amylovora and Pantoea agglomerans with real–time polymerase chain reaction primers developed to detect E. amylovora phages belonging to the Myoviridae and Podoviridae families. Pantoea agglomerans, an orchard epiphyte, is easily infected by Erwinia spp. phages, and it serves as a carrier in the development of the phage-mediated biological control agent. Screening of 161 E. amylovora isolates from 16 distinct geographical areas in North America, Europe, North Africa and New Zealand and 82 P. agglomerans isolates from southern Ontario, Canada showed that none possessed prophage. Unstable phage resistant clones or lysogens were produced under laboratory conditions. Additionally, a stable lysogen was recovered from infection of bacterial isolate Ea110R with Podoviridae phage ΦEa35-20. These laboratory observations suggested that while lysogeny is possible in E. amylovora, it is rare or absent in natural populations, and there is a minimal risk associated with lysogenic conversion and transduction by Erwinia spp. phages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of lysogeny in wild populations of Erwinia amylovora and Pantoea agglomerans

Roach

Sjaarda

et al. 2015

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…(Winslow et al, 1920), is an important limiting factor in apple and pear tree production and in other fruit trees and ornamental plants worldwide. The disease is currently present in 44 countries, including most parts of North and Central America, the Pacific rim (mainly New Zealand) and most countries of the Middle East, the Balkans and the Mediterranean area (van der Zwet, 1993(van der Zwet, , 1996(van der Zwet, , 2002van der Zwet & Bonn, 1999;van der Zwet, personal communication). Fire blight was reported for the first time in Europe in southern England in 1957.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erwinia amylovora strains from outbreaks of fire blight in Spain: phenotypic characteristics

Donat

Biosca

Rico

et al. 2005

Ann Applied Biology

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One hundred and thirty strains of Erwinia amylovora recovered from Spanish foci of fire blight from 1995 to 2000 were characterised and compared to reference strains from different sources and origins. Their rapid identification was performed by double antibody sandwich indirect (DASI) ELISA, using specific monoclonal antibodies against E. amylovora, and molecular confirmation by PCR using primers specific to the native plasmid pEA29. The Spanish strains of E. amylovora grew on different general and selective media producing typical colonies, except one of them that was deficient in levan production, whereas none of them grew on minimal agar medium with copper sulphate and low content of asparagine. All of them were susceptible to tetracycline, streptomycin, kasugamycin and oxolinic acid. Biochemical characterisation of selected strains by API 20E system revealed a great homogeneity, with 80% of the Spanish strains showing one of the two majority API 20E profiles described for E. amylovora, and the remaining strains showing minor differences. Pathogenicity on pear fruits and hypersensitivity reaction was confirmed, but a delayed reaction was observed for two Spanish strains. This is the first characterisation of a large collection of Spanish strains of E. amylovora.

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“…Slade and Tiffin (1984) noted that E. amylovora was probably spread to California on nursery material during the 1870s. As a means of long-range dissemination other than nursery material, E. amylovora was most likely introduced to England by contaminated fruit boxes from North America or New Zealand (Lelliott 1959;van der Zwet 1968). Birds, especially migrating birds, have been strongly implicated as vectors in Europe (Schroth et al 1974;Thomson 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection frequency of mature apple fruit with Erwinia amylovora deposited on pedicels and its survival in the fruit stored at low temperature

Tsukamoto¹,

Azegami

Matsuura³

et al. 2005

J Gen Plant Pathol

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Recent Spread and Current Worldwide Distribution of Fire Blight.

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Absence of lysogeny in wild populations of Erwinia amylovora and Pantoea agglomerans

Absence of lysogeny in wild populations of Erwinia amylovora and Pantoea agglomerans

Erwinia amylovora strains from outbreaks of fire blight in Spain: phenotypic characteristics

Infection frequency of mature apple fruit with Erwinia amylovora deposited on pedicels and its survival in the fruit stored at low temperature

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