Recent Topics of Pneumococcal Vaccination: Indication of Pneumococcal Vaccine for Individuals at a Risk of Pneumococcal Disease in Adults

Abstract

Pneumococcal disease is one of the most common and severe vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). Despite the advances in antimicrobial treatment, pneumococcal disease still remains a global burden and exhibits a high mortality rate among people of all ages worldwide. The immunization program of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in children has decreased pneumococcal disease incidence in several countries. However, there are several problems regarding the pneumococcal vaccine, such as indications for immunocompetent persons with underlying medical conditions with a risk of pneumococcal disease, the balance of utility and cost, i.e., cost-effectiveness, vaccine coverage rate, serotype replacement, and adverse events. Especially for individuals aged 19–64 at risk of pneumococcal disease, physicians and vaccine providers should make a rational decision whether the patients should be vaccinated or not, since there is insufficient evidence supporting it. We describe this review regarding topics and problems regarding pneumococcal vaccination from the clinician’s point of view.

Polysaccharide Capsule Serotype and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae Clinical Isolates in Bali

“…Studies have shown that these vaccines are safe for both children and older people. 24 Thromp et al showed that PCV13 protects fewer serotypes than PPSV23; however, PCV13 is recommended for pneumococcal vaccines because of its higher immunogenic potential than PPSV23. This study also demonstrated that PCV13 could be administered before PPSV23 to achieve a more robust response.…”