Recent trends and future scope in the protection and comfort of fire-fighters’ personal protective clothing

Nayak, Rajkishore; Houshyar, Shadi; Padhye, Rajiv

doi:10.1186/s40038-014-0004-0

Cited by 89 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…The protective clothing may be comfortable if the activity levels are low when the fire-fighters are in rest. However, the high activity level during fire-fighting may lead to thermos-physiological discomfort due to insufficient water vapour transmission that is needed for thermal comfort [3].…”

Section: Water Vapour Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of repeated laundering and Dry-cleaning on the thermo-physiological comfort properties of aramid fabrics

et al. 2016

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This research investigated the effect of repeated laundering and dry-cleaning on the physical and thermophysiological comfort properties such as air permeability, water vapour resistance and thermal resistance of fabrics made of meta-aramid (Nomex ® ) fibre. Two different types of fabric were selected for the study and subjected to repeated laundering and dry-cleaning (1, 5 and 10 cycles), which is commercially used for the care and maintenance of these fabrics. The fabric thickness, areal density, thermal resistance and water vapour resistance values increased with the number of laundering cycles, whereas the air permeability decreased due to the fabric shrinkage and swelling. On the other hand, the thickness and air permeability of the dry-cleaned fabric samples increased with the number of cycles; while the water vapour resistance and thermal resistance decreased. The scanning electron microscopy images showed the structural changes as indicated by the longitudinal fibrillation in the fabrics subjected to laundering or dry-cleaning.

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Section: Water Vapour Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protection from the designated/intended hazard is the major requirement for these personal protective clothing (PPC) [1][2][3][4]. However, the comfort properties of these garments are gaining significance recently, which affects the wearability of these garments for longer duration [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of repeated laundering and Dry-cleaning on the thermo-physiological comfort properties of aramid fabrics

et al. 2016

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“…Fire‐fighters encounter a range of physical and chemical hazards, and protective clothing is designed to safeguard them from these hazards . A standard protective clothing system is designed as a multilayer construction consisting of outer layer, moisture barrier, and thermal liner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A standard protective clothing system is designed as a multilayer construction consisting of outer layer, moisture barrier, and thermal liner. The outer layer is a shield against excessive heat and physical hazards common to fire fighting . Depending on the type of activity and position of a fire‐fighter in relation to the fire, this outer layer is exposed to a variety of environmental conditions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outer layer is a shield against excessive heat and physical hazards common to fire fighting . Depending on the type of activity and position of a fire‐fighter in relation to the fire, this outer layer is exposed to a variety of environmental conditions . There are several publications describing the impact of simulated environmental conditions, for example, thermal and ultraviolet (UV) exposure; and the level of usage, on the performance of fabrics similar to those used in fire‐fighter protective clothing …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deterioration of polyaramid and polybenzimidazole woven fabrics after ultraviolet irradiation

Houshyar

Padhye

Nayak

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study the degradation of woven fabrics of meta-aramid and the blend of para-aramid and polybenzimidazole fibers when exposed to environmental conditions has been investigated under accelerated ageing conditions. Generally, these polymeric materials have been used for the outer layer of protective clothing, particularly for fire-fighting. The performance of these fabrics plays an important role in preventing burn-injuries to fire fighters. Frequent exposure of these materials to various environmental conditions (especially sunlight) can degrade the polymeric chain and affect their performance properties. Hence, the degradation of the fabrics has been studied in terms of loss of tensile and tear strength; reduction in abrasion resistance; and extension at break. It was observed that ultraviolet (UV) irradiation negatively impacted on the mechanical properties of both the polymeric materials significantly. This can be attributed to chemical changes in the polymeric chains due to the photo-oxidation of the polymer. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed surface decomposition of the filaments due to UV irradiation. Exposure of polybenzimidazole resulted in rapid loss of mechanical and chemical properties in comparison with meta-aramid. However, decomposition and degradation of polybenzidimazole was not statistically significant.

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Exploring the potential of dual‐metallized PET towards improving the efficiency of outermost reflective layer in fire proximity clothing

Dwivedi,

Srivastava,

Kumar Roy

2024

Fire and Materials

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The outermost layer of a fire proximity suit needs to conform to a strict requirement of radiant protection performance (RPP) ≥ 20s, which is indicative of its ability of offering a protection for at least 20s duration from second degree burn upon radiant heat exposure (84 kW/m2). Typically, this layer is fabricated by laminating a single‐side metallized PET (SMPET) layer with glass fabric. However, upon erosion of the deposited metal, this laminate is rendered unsuitable due to loss of reflectivity. Here, we explore the possibility of replacing the SMPET with its dual‐metallized analogue (DMPET) and determine the effect of increasing the optical density (OD) on the adherence and protection level. Metallized films with OD varying from 2.2 to 4.8 were laminated with glass fabrics of twill, satin and plain weave pattern using a silicone adhesive. The peel adhesion strength of laminates prepared using DMPET was found to be higher (1.01 ± 0.03 N/mm), as compared to SMPET (0.63 ± 0.03 N/mm) and the resulting films did not undergo delamination during flexing. Laminates prepared from satin woven glass fabric exhibited lowest flexural rigidity followed by twill and plain woven glass fabric. Protection offered by the laminate from convective heat was quantified in terms of the thermal protective performance (TPP), and the abraded laminate prepared using DMPET (OD‐4.8) was found to meet all the mandatory requirements of proximity clothing, offering an RPP of 27 s and a TPP of 62 cal/cm2 s. In comparison, SMPET laminates exhibited lower level of adhesion and offered an RPP of only 7.5 s.

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Recent trends and future scope in the protection and comfort of fire-fighters’ personal protective clothing

Cited by 89 publications

References 118 publications

Effect of repeated laundering and Dry-cleaning on the thermo-physiological comfort properties of aramid fabrics

Effect of repeated laundering and Dry-cleaning on the thermo-physiological comfort properties of aramid fabrics

Deterioration of polyaramid and polybenzimidazole woven fabrics after ultraviolet irradiation

Exploring the potential of dual‐metallized PET towards improving the efficiency of outermost reflective layer in fire proximity clothing

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