Recent trends in analysis of nanoparticles in biological matrices

Development of a suitable detection method for silver nanoparticles in fish tissue using single particle ICP-MS

“…13 The spICP-MS technique was first demonstrated in ultrapure water 14 and has been used to demonstrate its capability to detect silver nanoparticles in ultrapure water. 15 The technique has also been applied to tissues of animals 16 and plants materials (tomato plants, 17 rice plants, 18 ).…”

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry based platforms for studies involving nanoparticle effects in biological samples

“…Because of the use of such a field, the macromolecules or NPs move from the “inlet side” to the “outlet/detector side” into a laminar flow, reaching different channel heights in the channel bottom, called an “accumulation wall.” In addition to the distance from the accumulation wall and upon the establishment of equilibrium, the separation of analytes/particles using FFF is based on their diffusion coefficient and molecular weight in which the smaller species exhibit a faster diffusion, from the accumulation wall into the carrier flow, than the larger species. Then, each sample constituent leaves the channel at different times and reaches the detection system …”

“…To improve size‐separation resolution for further separation of biomolecules or NP characterization using FFF‐ICP‐MS, including AF4‐ICP‐MS, several parameters such as sample pH, injection time, composition of carrier flow, cross‐flow rate, focusing time, channel dimensions, and equilibration of membrane must be optimized . Therefore, in addition to the evaluation of macromolecules, FFF is considered as a valuable bioanalytical tool to characterize and quantify NPs in distinct matrices, although the literature reports only a few applications of FFF methods coupled to ICP‐MS for NP evaluation in biological samples …”

“…Upon exposure of an organism to NPs, understanding the biological response and translocation of NPs within an organism is a challenge. In addition, it is necessary to know where the NPs localize, and where they accumulate after absorption, for a better understanding of NP effects in biological systems …”

“…For instance, LA, a hyphenated technique, coupled to ICP‐MS (LA‐ICP‐MS) is an alternative, because this technique consists of a solid sample introduction system that provides element spatial information based on bioimaging tools. LA‐ICP‐MS data are obtained from mass‐based concentration, and this technique provides easy sample preparation and multielement detection with high sensitivity . Therefore, LA‐ICP‐MS has been used to investigate the uptake, bioaccumulation, possible translocation, and localization of different NPs in distinct biological samples.…”