Recent Trends in Mineral Processing Based on Density and Particle Size – A review

Sobhy, Ahmed

doi:10.21608/ijmti.2022.151879.1055

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The overall estimated reserves of these minerals are about 31000 metric kilotons at the first meter and 616000 metric kilotons at the first twenty meters from the top, Fig. 17 [40,41]. These sand deposits exist as beach sediments as well as coastal sand dunes.…”

Section: Black Sandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earths in Egypt: Occurrence, Characterization and Physical Separation, A Review

Hassan

2023

International Journal of Materials Technology and Innovation

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Rare Earth Elements (REEs) consist of the fifteen lanthanide elements plus scandium and yttrium, and can be found in more than 250 minerals. They exist in reasonable abundance in the Earth's crust, but mining sites contain too small REEs concentration to be valuable for separation. Cerium, yttrium, lanthanum, and neodymium are the most abundant REEs in the crust with similar abundances to commonly mined nickel and zinc metals. However, their extraction is almost impossible as they are found in deposits with very low concentrations. These elements are applied in various modern applications, including high-tension magnets, additives for metal and glass, petroleum refining catalysts, and phosphors used in electronic displays. REEs never existed as pure metals, while they are found in many minerals, including carbonates, halides, oxides, phosphates and silicates. Bastnäsite, monazite, and xenotime, as REE-bearing minerals, could be mined economically. They could be recovered using gravity, magnetic, electrostatic, and flotation techniques. This review examines the mineralogy, characterization and physical separation techniques currently used for the beneficiation of Egyptian rare earth minerals and spots localities that require further research.

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Section: Black Sandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earths in Egypt: Occurrence, Characterization and Physical Separation, A Review

Hassan

2023

International Journal of Materials Technology and Innovation

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“…Density-based separation technologies have historically been used to process a variety of materials [12]. In particular, dense media cyclones (DMCs) have been widely used in mineral processing due to their advantages, including large processing capacity, high separation efficiency, and easy automatic control [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dense media (ferrosilicon, magnetite, or ilmenite) with the ore particles are fed into the hydroclyclone tangentially, creating a vortex. Thus, the mineral particles are subjected to two opposing forces: a centrifugal force that pushes the dense particles (in this case, celestine) to migrate towards the wall and a drag force that causes the light particles (gangue mineral such as calcite) to move towards the central axis [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preconcentration of a Medium-Grade Celestine Ore by Dense Medium Cyclone Using a Factorial Design

Ariza-Rodríguez,

Rodríguez-Navarro,

Ortega

et al. 2024

Minerals

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A semi-industrial scale hydrocyclone with a 250 mm internal diameter was used to concentrate medium-grade celestine ore (75%–85% celestine) from the Montevive deposit of Granada (Spain) using a dense ferrosilicon (FeSi) medium. For this purpose, a Box–Behnken factorial design (BBD) was carried out, with the response variable being the Sr concentration measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), as well as the concentration of celestine measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the mineral collected from the under (sunk) stream of the hydrocyclone. The experimental factors to be optimised were the density of the medium in the mixing tank (water, FeSi, and feed mineral) varying from 2.7 to 2.9 kg/L, the hydrocyclone inlet pressure from 0.8 to 1.2 bar, and the hydrocyclone inclination (from 15° to 25° from the horizontal). The range of densities of the dense medium to be tested was determined from previous sink–float experiments using medium-grade ore, in which the distribution of mineral phases with different particle size fractions was determined. To evaluate the separation behaviour, the following parameters were considered: the enrichment ratio (E), the tailings discarding ratio (R), and the mineral processing recovery (ε). From the factorial design and the response surface, the optimum parameters maximising celestine concentration in the under stream (78%), were determined. These optimised parameters were: a density of 2.75 kg/L for the dense medium, an inlet pressure of 1.05 bar, and a hydrocyclone inclination varying from 18° to 20°. Under these conditions, a 94% recovery of celestine (68% Sr) can be achieved. These results show that medium-grade celestine ore, accumulated in mine tailings dumps, can be effectively concentrated using DMS hydrocyclones and that the operating parameters can be optimised using a factorial experiment design. This study can contribute to reducing overexploitation of strategic mineral resources, avoiding blasting and environmentally damaging clearing, by applying a simple and sustainable technique.

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Recent Trends in Mineral Processing Based on Density and Particle Size – A review

Cited by 2 publications

References 59 publications

Rare Earths in Egypt: Occurrence, Characterization and Physical Separation, A Review

Rare Earths in Egypt: Occurrence, Characterization and Physical Separation, A Review

Preconcentration of a Medium-Grade Celestine Ore by Dense Medium Cyclone Using a Factorial Design

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