Recent trends in severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among US infants, 1997 to 2000

Risk factors for hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants in the Basque Country, Spain

“…Prematurity is an underlying condition that is frequently identified in children with severe RSV infection [1][2][3][4]. The incidence of hospitalization for RSV infection in premature infants in the present series was two or three times higher than that in term infants, a finding that is in agreement with those of other studies [5,19].…”

“…Furthermore, many studies included a large number of premature infants, a condition that is closely related with low birthweight, thus hampering independent evaluation of this factor. Some recent studies have found that low birthweight independently increases the risk of hospitalization due to RSV infection [11,20,21] and the risk of RSV-associated death [3,15]. Our results reinforce the observation that low birthweight should be considered as an underlying condition that increases the severity of RSV-related illness.…”

“…In developed countries, RSV infection is the main cause of hospitalization in infants [3] and 1-4 % of children aged <1 year are hospitalized due to this infection [4][5][6]. RSV-related morbidity and mortality are higher in infants with certain underlying conditions such as prematurity, chronic bronchopulmonary disease and congenital heart disease [2,4], while less information is available on the role of other conditions or risk factors.…”

Prevention of hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus: results from the Palivizumab Outcomes Registry

“…1 In the United States, RSV-associated bronchiolitis has been estimated as the cause of up to 126 300 hospitalizations annually for children younger than 5 years 1 and is the leading cause of hospitalization for infants younger than 1 year. 2 The RSV-associated all-cause mortality rate is 5.4 per 100 000 person-years for infants younger than 1 year. 3 Infants with prematurity, chronic lung disease (CLD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) are more likely to experience increased morbidity and mortality from RSV infection compared to their full-term healthy peers.…”

“…3 Infants with prematurity, chronic lung disease (CLD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) are more likely to experience increased morbidity and mortality from RSV infection compared to their full-term healthy peers. 2,[4][5][6] Independent risk factors for severe RSV LRI or RSV hospitalization among infants born at 33 to 35 weeks' gestation include birth in the first half of the RSV season, preschool or school-aged siblings and household crowding. [7][8][9] Data are controversial regarding male sex, child-care attendance, limited breast-feeding, tobacco smoke exposure, and multiple births, with some studies demonstrating an increased risk of RSV hospitalization among these subgroups, 7,8,10 and others showing no effect.…”