Recent trends in the biotechnology of functional non-digestible oligosaccharides with prebiotic potential

Prebiotics Progress Shifts in the Intestinal Microbiome That Benefits Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Prebiotics are defined as a group of compounds that have been associated with gut health and that are mediated, at least in part, through degradation products by microorganisms [ 52 ]. The chemical structure of prebiotics and the bacterial composition of the intestines determine the fermentation products produced [ 53 , 54 ]. Dietary fiber is found mainly in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, and their effects on health mimic those of prebiotics on human health [ 54 ].…”

“…Dietary fiber is found mainly in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, and their effects on health mimic those of prebiotics on human health [ 54 ]. Numerous compounds have been investigated to determine if, as prebiotics, these functional non-digestible foods can influence the diversity of the intestinal microbiome to promote metabolic health in the gut [ 53 , 55 ] ( Table 1 ). The most common forms of prebiotics that have been studied include fructo-oligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides, and trans-galacto-oligosaccharides [ 56 , 57 ].…”