Recent versus chronic fine particulate air pollution exposure as determinant of the retinal microvasculature in school children

Provost, Eline B.; Panis, Luc Int; Saenen, Nelly D.; Kiciński, Michał; Louwies, Tijs; Vrijens, Karen; Boever, Patrick De; Nawrot, Tim S.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.027

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This study was based on the COGNAC (COGNition and Air pollution in Children) study 11 – 13 , which is a panel study with three repeated measures. Between 2011 and 2013, we invited children (grades three to six) from three primary schools in Flanders (Belgium) to participate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s screen time alters the expression of saliva extracellular miR-222 and miR-146a

Vriens

Provost

Saenen

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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An imbalance between energy uptake and energy expenditure is the most important reason for increasing trends in obesity starting from early in life. Extracellular miRNAs are expressed in all bodily fluids and their expression is influenced by a broad range of stimuli. We examined whether screen time, physical activity and BMI are associated with children’s salivary extracellular miR-222 and miR-146a expression. In 80 children the extracellular fraction of saliva was obtained by means of differential centrifugation and ultracentrifugation. Expression levels of miR-222 and miR-146a were profiled by qPCR. We studied the association between children’s salivary extracellular miRNA expression and screen time, physical activity and BMI using mixed models, while accounting for potential confounders. We found that higher screen time was positively associated with salivary extracellular miR-222 and miR-146a levels. On average, one hour more screen time use per week was associated with a 3.44% higher miR-222 (95% CI: 1.34 to 5.58; p = 0.002) and 1.84% higher miR-146a (95% CI: −0.04 to 3.75; p = 0.055) level in saliva. BMI and physical activity of the child were not significantly associated with either miR-222 or miR-146a. A sedentary behaviour, represented by screen time use in children, is associated with discernible changes in salivary expression of miR-146a and or miR-222. These miRNA targets may emerge attractive candidates to explore the role of these exposures in developmental processes of children’s health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s screen time alters the expression of saliva extracellular miR-222 and miR-146a

Vriens

Provost

Saenen

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…As expected, our average personal BC exposure (9003 ng/m 3 ) was higher than that reported in other studies, mainly because our data were measured during the most critical daily time-window for exposure in a congested urban environment, i.e winter MRH in Milan. For instance, Buonanno et al (2013) [13] [36] found an average personal BC exposure during commuting time of 2800, 3230 and 2500 ng/m 3 respectively in Barcelona, Lisbon and Paris. These measures were conducted on three different cohorts of children; however, they were carried out in different seasons and considering all daily trips.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, in the past few years, many studies found an association between BC, changes in respiratory and cardiovascular markers, and behavioral and cognitive skills and disorders in children [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Most of the time, exposure was inferred from monitoring sites of the official Air Quality Network (AQN) or estimated by an LUR at the residential address or school site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is a Land Use Regression Model Capable of Predicting the Cleanest Route to School?

et al. 2019

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Land Use Regression (LUR) modeling is a widely used technique to model the spatial variability of air pollutants in epidemiology. In this study, we explore whether a LUR model can predict home-to-school commuting exposure to black carbon (BC). During January and February 2019, 43 children walking to school were involved in a personal monitoring campaign measuring exposure to BC and tracking their home-to-school routes. At the same time, a previously developed LUR model for the study area was applied to estimate BC exposure on points along the route. Personal BC exposure varied widely with mean ± SD of 9003 ± 4864 ng/m3. The comparison between the two methods showed good agreement (Pearson's r = 0.74, Lin's Concordance Correlation Coefficient = 0.6), suggesting that LUR estimates are capable of catching differences among routes and predicting the cleanest route. However, the model tends to underestimate absolute concentrations by 29% on average. A LUR model can be useful in predicting personal exposure and can help urban planners in Milan to build a healthier city for schoolchildren by promoting less polluted home-to-school routes.

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“…Retinal microvascular narrowing effects were also found in children with regards to smaller particulate matter, PM 2.5 . A study was performed involving the repeated retinal microvascular measurements in children, with the results revealing that increase in same-day exposure to PM 2.5 measured was associated with narrower retinal arteriolar/venular structures (Provost et al, 2017). Some mechanisms were proposed.…”

Section: Retinal Vessel Narrowing Pmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This inflammatary condition initiated vessel endothelium dysfunction. The second possible mechanism is that air pollution triggers sympathetic nerve activity and then causes vessel smooth muscle constriction as a result (Provost et al, 2017).…”

Section: Retinal Vessel Narrowing Pmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact on Eye Health Regarding Gaseous and Particulate Pollutants

Chang

Yang

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Air pollutants are a mixture of thousands of compounds, including ozone (O 3), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), nitrogen oxides (NO x), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter (PM), all of which are considered to be the most significant compounds from a health provider's viewpoint. The association between air pollutants and human health has been investigated for many decades. These adverse health effects on mankind include acute and chronic impacts. Nearly all the systems of the human body can be affected. There had been substantial evidence pointing out that air pollutants are able to cause serious consequences in human's respiratory and neurological health system (Mannucci et al., 2015; Mannucci and Franchini, 2017; Chen et al., 2020). The retinal tissue and optic nerve are regarded as part of the central nervous system (CNS), because their development are protuberances of an embryological brain (Sebastian, 2010). However, the eyes are often a neglected organ in the area of environmental medicine. Most people anticipate air pollutants' health impacts on the eyes are limited to the eye surface, and simple eye irritation; in fact, air pollutants have a much greater impact on the eyes than we think. In this article, the authors reviewed all the acute and chronic health effects of gaseous and particulate air pollutants on the eyes to highlight the complexity of the relationship of air pollutants and eye health. ACUTE IMPACTS Ocular Surface Disorders Gaseous and PM It's well known air pollutants can lead to significant eye irritation and discomfort due to their having direct contact with the ocular surface. People who exposed to higher level of air pollutants were supposed to have significantly worse performance in tear break-up time (TBT) and Schirmer's test. Approximate a half of these air pollutants exposed people complained of both eye redness and irritation, compared to one fifth in less exposed ones (Saxena et al., 2003). The subjective ocular surface symptoms, as well as those of respiratory tract, were not compatible with the objective test values. Sometimes, air pollutants caused more severe symptoms than test measurements, especially for certain gaseous pollutants

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Recent versus chronic fine particulate air pollution exposure as determinant of the retinal microvasculature in school children

Cited by 30 publications

References 48 publications

Children’s screen time alters the expression of saliva extracellular miR-222 and miR-146a

Children’s screen time alters the expression of saliva extracellular miR-222 and miR-146a

Is a Land Use Regression Model Capable of Predicting the Cleanest Route to School?

Impact on Eye Health Regarding Gaseous and Particulate Pollutants

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