Recipe for IBD: can we use food to control inflammatory bowel disease?

Witkowski, Mario; Witkowski, Marco; Gagliani, Nicola; Huber, Samuel

doi:10.1007/s00281-017-0658-5

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Food components can affect incidence of IBD and its development at least through modulation of intestinal microbiota, intestinal immune system and inflammation [6]. Studies investigating dietary determinants in the onset of IBD are increasing and some of these suggest meat [7], dairy [8], fiber [9], and vitamin D [10] may influence the risk of developing IBD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the inflammatory potential of diet affect disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease?

Mirmiran

Moslehi

Morshedzadeh

et al. 2019

Nutr J

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BackgroundDiet is an important modulator of inflammation, which is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we examined whether the inflammatory properties of diets are associated with disease activity in patients with IBD.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 143 IBD patients, including 32 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 111 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Dietary intakes were assessed by a valid 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The inflammatory potential of the diet was assessed by calculating the two scores of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), and the Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (EDIP), and CD and UC disease activity were determined by the Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI) and the Mayo score, respectively. Associations of the inflammatory indices as median and as tertiles with disease activity were analyzed using logistic regression in a univariate model and after adjusting for total energy intake (continuous), type of disease (CD and UC) and drug consumption (no drugs, single drug, and multiple drugs).ResultsSixty-four IBD patients (44.8%) in this study had active disease.The DII® score and the EDIP did not differ significantly between active and inactive patients (− 1.45 ± 1.04 vs.− 1.20 ± 1.24; 0.56 ± 0.22 vs. 0.53 ± 0.28, respectively). After adjusting for energy intake, drug use, and IBD type, the odds (95%CIs) of active disease among patients in tertile 3 compared to those in tertile 1 were 0.84 (0.32–2.17) for DII and 1.50 (0.61–3.72) for EDIP; neither of which were statistically significantly different from the rates in tertile 1.ConclusionsAlthough point estimates were in the expected direction of increased risk, the inflammatory potential of diet, assessed using DII or EDIP, was not associated with severity of disease in IBD patients. Whether diet-related inflammation affects disease activity in patients with IBD deserves further investigations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the inflammatory potential of diet affect disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease?

Mirmiran

Moslehi

Morshedzadeh

et al. 2019

Nutr J

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“…Results from a recent publication showed that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with greater proinflammatory gene expression among non-obese individuals ( 38 ). Considering the role of inflammatory mediators including cytokines in the regulation of intestinal immune responses and intestinal mucosal barrier homeostasis ( 39 ), cytokines play a critical role in causing the chronic inflammatory condition in IBD ( 40 ). Therefore, consumption of a pro-inflammatory diet can contribute to UC pathogenesis through increasing serum levels of inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abnormalities of the gut microbiome are common in different intestinal conditions, including IBD. In fact, an altered microbiota has been reported in IBD ( 10 , 39 ). Diet can affect the gut microbiota ( 42 , 43 ), as a recent publication revealed a correlation between intakes of energy and micronutrients such as vitamin A, vitamin D and, vitamin C, all contributed to IPD score, with fecal and mucosal communities in UC patients ( 44 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Ulcerative Colitis: A Case-Control Study

et al. 2021

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Background/Aim: Despite the inflammatory nature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), limited data are available on the association of inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to investigate the association of inflammatory potential of the diet (IPD) score and odds of UC in a case-control study.Methods: Patients with UC were enrolled from Iranian IBD registry, whose disease was confirmed by a gastroenterologist. Controls were selected randomly from the Study of the Epidemiology of Psycho Alimentary Health and Nutrition (SEPAHAN) study, a large population-based study on more than 8,000 apparently healthy individuals. Dietary intakes of 28 food items obtained from a validated dish-based food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), were used to compute IPD score.Results: This case-control study was carried out among 109 cases and 218 randomly chosen controls. Mean age of cases and controls was 39.5 ± 10.0 and 41.5 ± 11.8 y, respectively. Totally, 52% of study participants were female and 48% were male. After controlling for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), we found that the patients with UC were more likely to be in the highest quartile of IPD score compared with controls (OR: 2.83; 95% CI: 1.41–5.69, P-trend < 0.001). This association strengthened after additional adjustment for education, smoking, medical history, and physical activity (OR: 3.48; 95% CI: 1.32–9.10, P-trend = 0.003). When we took dietary habits into account, the association was slightly attenuated (OR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.20–9.20, P-trend = 0.005).Conclusions: We found that adherence to a pro-inflammatory diet was positively associated with greater odds of UC. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.

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“…Further results indicated that biochemical inhibition of QseC can reduce intestinal inflammation in a variety of preclinical IBD models, and provides a new approach for the treatment of colitis (149). Additionally, dietary interventions that modulate the interaction between the immune system and microbiota can also be an option for the treatment of IBD (150).…”

Section: Management Of Ibd: Targeting Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress Triggers Flare of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Adults

et al. 2019

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease characterized by chronic and relapsing manifestations. It is noteworthy that the prevalence of IBD is gradually increasing in both children and adults. Currently, the pathogenesis of IBD remains to be completely elucidated. IBD is believed to occur through interactions among genetics, environmental factors, and the gut microbiota. However, the relapsing and remitting course of IBD underlines the importance of other modifiers, such as psychological stress. Growing evidence from clinical and experimental studies suggests that stress acts as a promoting or relapsing factor for IBD. Importantly, recent studies have reported an increasing incidence of anxiety or depression in both children and adults with IBD. In this article, we review the mechanisms by which stress affects IBD, such as via impaired intestinal barrier function, disturbance of the gut microbiota, intestinal dysmotility, and immune and neuroendocrine dysfunction. With regard to both children and adults, we provide recent evidence to describe how stress can affect IBD at various stages. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of mental healing and discuss the value of approaches targeting stress in clinical management to develop enhanced strategies for the prevention and treatment of IBD.

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Recipe for IBD: can we use food to control inflammatory bowel disease?

Cited by 29 publications

References 149 publications

Does the inflammatory potential of diet affect disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease?

Does the inflammatory potential of diet affect disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease?

Association Between Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Ulcerative Colitis: A Case-Control Study

Stress Triggers Flare of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Adults

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