Reciprocation, Reproductive Success, and Safeguards Against Cheating in a Hermaphroditic Polychaete Worm,<i>Ophryotrocha diadema</i>Åkesson, 1976

Sella, Gabriella

doi:10.2307/1541561

Cited by 64 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Moreover, Petersen (2006) stressed that the model assumption of equivalent players and symmetric payoffs are often violated and that we therefore urgently need field estimates of parcel size in egg-trading fish. Similarly, egg trading has been proposed to occur during mating interactions of externally fertilizing polychaetes of the genus Ophryotrocha, which also show serial alternation of sex roles (Sella 1985(Sella , 1988Sella et al 1997;Sella and Lorenzi 2000). However, for both of these putative egg-trading systems, firm experimental corroboration of conditionality (e.g., by showing punishment of experimental cheaters) is still lacking and an overall preference for mating in the male sex function has, so far, only been assumed rather than tested.…”

Section: Sexual Conflict In Hermaphroditesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

Schärer¹,

Janicke²,

Ramm³

2014

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

106

142

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Hermaphrodites combine the male and female sex functions into a single individual, either sequentially or simultaneously. This simple fact means that they exhibit both similarities and differences in the way in which they experience, and respond to, sexual conflict compared to separate-sexed organisms. Here, we focus on clarifying how sexual conflict concepts can be adapted to apply to all anisogamous sexual systems and review unique (or especially important) aspects of sexual conflict in hermaphroditic animals. These include conflicts over the timing of sex change in sequential hermaphrodites, and in simultaneous hermaphrodites, over both sex roles and the postmating manipulation of the sperm recipient by the sperm donor. Extending and applying sexual conflict thinking to hermaphrodites can identify general evolutionary principles and help explain some of the unique reproductive diversity found among animals exhibiting this widespread but to date understudied sexual system.

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Section: Sexual Conflict In Hermaphroditesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

Schärer¹,

Janicke²,

Ramm³

2014

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

106

142

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“…All the O. diadema life cycle data (Åkesson, 1976; Åkesson, 1982) and information on the main features of its mating system (Sella, 1985;Sella, 1988;Sella, 1990;Sella, 1991;Premoli and Sella, 1995;Sella and Lorenzi, 2000) have been obtained through laboratory observations. O. diadema was originally collected from organic sediments of Californian harbours.…”

Section: Study Organisms Ophryotrocha Diademamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender expression and group size: a test in a hermaphroditic and a gonochoric congeneric species of Ophryotrocha (Polychaeta)

Schleicherova

Lorenzi

Sella

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYHermaphroditism and gonochorism are two contrasting forms of sexuality. Hermaphroditic species are generally seen as species adapted to conditions of low density, stabilized by poor mate search efficiency and high costs of searching. They can adjust allocation of reproductive resources to each sex function in response to current social conditions, making reproduction more efficient, at least in principle. By contrast, gonochorism (separate sexes) is advantageous when mates are frequent, making it ineffective to maintain two sex functions in a single individual. This, however, also rules out the need for a flexible response to mating opportunities as known for hermaphrodites. In the hermaphroditic marine polychaete worm Ophryotrocha diadema we showed earlier that group size is assessed through a chemical cue. In this study we verified the accuracy of the response to gradients of the chemical cue used to assess group size by O. diadema by checking reduction in egg production as the group of partners increases, as expected according to sex allocation theory. Furthermore we compared the effect of such a gradient with a similar gradient in a closely related gonochoric species (O. labronica). Here sex allocation adjustment is not predicted, thus an adaptive change in egg production in response to group-size cues is not expected. In fact, our results show that the group-size effect only occurs in O. diadema and not in O. labronica. Moreover, our study provides evidence of high perceptual abilities of chemical cues in O. diadema, suggesting that perceiving social cues and adjusting sex allocation appropriately are special properties of hermaphrodites.

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“…Gamete trading appears to be a general, although not a necessary, behavior for hermaphroditic animals, and exists in related forms in polychaetes (Sella 1985(Sella ,1988 and gastropods (Leonard & Lukowiak 1985, Leonard 1991 . In addition to describing the spawning behavior of tobaccofish and comparing their mating system with related species, egg trading in tobaccofish will be compared with egg trading in other hermaphroditic seabasses in order to understand how this behavior affects and interacts with other elements of the mating system .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive behavior, egg trading, and correlates of male mating success in the simultaneous hermaphrodite, Serranus tabacarius

Petersen

1995

Environ Biol Fish

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SynopsisSerranus tabacarius (Serranidae), the tobaccofish, is a simultaneous hermaphrodite which belongs to a group of seabasses that exhibit a wide variety of social and mating systems . The reproductive behavior of tobaccofish is similar to other hermaphroditic seabasses, with individuals assuming sex-specific spawning behaviors that allow for the assignment of male and female roles in a mating sequence . Virtually all matings involved pairs of individuals, although streaking, an alternative male mating tactic, was observed once . Pairs engage in egg trading, where individuals divide their daily clutch into a series of sequentially released parcels and take turns releasing eggs for their partner to fertilize . Individuals mate over a late afternoon spawning period with a number of partners sequentially. Larger individuals have both more total matings and more spawning partners . Egg trading is not symmetrical, the number of male and female matings for an individual in a spawning sequence is often unequal . Overall, the ratio of male to female matings increases with individual size . Large individuals are socially dominant, chase conspecifics during the reproductive period, and are more likely to end a spawning bout with a partner immediately after mating in the male role . In addition, larger individuals are less likely to reciprocate female matings by a partner, either by only mating once (as a male) in a spawning bout or by mating consecutively as a male within a series of matings . Although larger individuals show this relative specialization in the male role, they maintain their simultaneous hermaphroditism and obtain a substantial percentage of their mating success through female function . Egg trading appears to reduce the opportunity for large individuals to specialize as pure males, and thus interacts with the environmental potential for polygamy in shaping the mating system and sex allocation pattern in this species .

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Reciprocation, Reproductive Success, and Safeguards Against Cheating in a Hermaphroditic Polychaete Worm,Ophryotrocha diademaÅkesson, 1976

Cited by 64 publications

References 13 publications

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

Gender expression and group size: a test in a hermaphroditic and a gonochoric congeneric species of Ophryotrocha (Polychaeta)

Reproductive behavior, egg trading, and correlates of male mating success in the simultaneous hermaphrodite, Serranus tabacarius

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