Reciprocity in Microbiome and Immune System Interactions and its Implications in Disease and Health

Nikoopour, Enayat; Singh, Bhagirath

doi:10.2174/1871528113666140330201056

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(214 reference statements)

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“…A. Foster & McVey Neufeld, )), immunity disorders (Kau et al, ; Mathis & Benoist, ; Nikoopour & Singh, ; Zhang et al, ), and the rise in allergies and asthma prevalence (Armelagos & Barnes, ; Haahtela et al, ). However, these findings have been largely conducted in populations of European descent, which have all undergone similar sociocultural changes over time.…”

Section: The Human Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of colonialism: A microbial perspective to contemporary Indigenous health

Skelly

Kapellas

Cooper

et al. 2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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Nearly all Indigenous populations today suffer from worse health than their non-Indigenous counterparts, and despite interventions against known factors, this health "gap" has not improved. The human microbiome-the beneficial, diverse microbial communities that live on and within the human body-is a crucial component in developing and maintaining normal physiological health. Disrupting this ecosystem has repercussions for microbial functionality, and thus, human health. In this article, we propose that modern-day Indigenous population health may suffer from disrupted microbial ecosystems as a consequence of historical colonialism. Colonialism may have interrupted the established relationships between the environment, traditional lifeways, and microbiomes, altering the Indigenous microbiome with detrimental health consequences.

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Section: The Human Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of colonialism: A microbial perspective to contemporary Indigenous health

Skelly

Kapellas

Cooper

et al. 2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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show abstract

“…Extended or permanent migrations can also completely change the microbiome (Fallani et al, 2010). The normal functioning of the microbiome is also closely related to the functioning of the immune system, and changes in the health status of the human host can have drastic effects on the microbiome, and vice-versa (Nikoopour & Bhagirath, 2014).…”

Section: The Human Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics as both friends and foes of the human gut microbiome: The microbial community approach

Nogueira

David

Pothier

2018

Drug Development Research

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The exposure of the human gut to antibiotics can have a great impact on human health. Antibiotics pertain to the preservation of human health and are useful tools for fighting bacterial infections. They can be used for curing infections and can play a critical role in immunocompromised or chronic patients, or in fighting childhood severe malnutrition. Yet, the genomic and phylogenetic diversity of the human gut changes under antibiotic exposure. Antibiotics can also have severe side effects on human gut health, due to the spreading of potential antibiotic resistance genetic traits and to their correlation with virulence of some bacterial pathogens. They can shape, and even disrupt, the composition and functioning diversity of the human gut microbiome. Traditionally bacterial antibiotic resistances have been evaluated at clone or population level. However, the understanding of these two apparently disparate perspectives as both friends and foes may come from the study of microbiomes as a whole and from the evaluation of both positive and negative effects of antibiotics on microbial community dynamics and diversity. In this review we present some metagenomic tools and databases that enable the studying of antibiotic resistance in human gut metagenomes, promoting the development of personalized medicine strategies, new antimicrobial therapy protocols and patient follow‐up.

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“…The intestinal microbiome performs important digestive and detoxification functions, produces nutrients and short chain fatty acids that can affect intestinal integrity, defends against invading pathogens, and influences the innate and adaptive immune responses within and outside the intestine[30,270,271]. Dysbiosis associated with antibiotics, especially in early age, may perturb immune tolerance for the microflora and predispose to other immune-mediated diseases (asthma, celiac disease, and type 1 diabetes)[165,166,175,272].…”

Section: Developing Treatment Strategies To Investigatementioning

confidence: 99%

Factoring the intestinal microbiome into the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis

Czaja¹

2016

WJG

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The intestinal microbiome is a reservoir of microbial antigens and activated immune cells. The aims of this review were to describe the role of the intestinal microbiome in generating innate and adaptive immune responses, indicate how these responses contribute to the development of systemic immune-mediated diseases, and encourage investigations that improve the understanding and management of autoimmune hepatitis. Alterations in the composition of the intestinal microflora (dysbiosis) can disrupt intestinal and systemic immune tolerances for commensal bacteria. Toll-like receptors within the intestine can recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns and shape subsets of T helper lymphocytes that may cross-react with host antigens (molecular mimicry). Activated gut-derived lymphocytes can migrate to lymph nodes, and gut-derived microbial antigens can translocate to extra-intestinal sites. Inflammasomes can form within hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells, and they can drive the pro-inflammatory, immune-mediated, and fibrotic responses. Diet, designer probiotics, vitamin supplements, re-colonization methods, antibiotics, drugs that decrease intestinal permeability, and molecular interventions that block signaling pathways may emerge as adjunctive regimens that complement conventional immunosuppressive management. In conclusion, investigations of the intestinal microbiome are warranted in autoimmune hepatitis and promise to clarify pathogenic mechanisms and suggest alternative management strategies.

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Reciprocity in Microbiome and Immune System Interactions and its Implications in Disease and Health

Cited by 28 publications

References 125 publications

Consequences of colonialism: A microbial perspective to contemporary Indigenous health

Consequences of colonialism: A microbial perspective to contemporary Indigenous health

Antibiotics as both friends and foes of the human gut microbiome: The microbial community approach

Factoring the intestinal microbiome into the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis

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