Reclamation of Arid Lands

Jafari, Mohammad; Tavili, A; Panahi, Farhad; Esfahan, Ehsan Zandi; Ghorbani, Majid

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-54828-9

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…When irrigation is completed or raining has ended, SAPs act as reservoirs and water is released slowly into the root environment. In this way, water release is gradual, thus prolonging soil moisture availability (Jafari et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a super absorbent polymer on soil properties and plant growth for use in land reclamation

Abrisham

Jafari

Tavili

et al. 2018

Arid Land Research and Management

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Effects of the super absorbent polymer (SAP) were tested on both the soil attributes and growth properties of Seidlitzia rosmarinus in the arid Emrani region of Iran in a reclamation study. A SAP concentration gradient (SAP 0 ¼ SAP 0 g dm À3 , SAP 1 ¼ SAP 1 g dm À3 , and SAP 3 ¼ SAP 3 g dm À3 of soil) was coupled with 30-and 60-day irrigation intervals, and results were evaluated after two growing seasons. Results indicate that application of SAP 1 increased available water content up to 68.5% and decreased soil bulk density by 25.5% and soil infiltration rate by 21.5%. SAP enhanced growth indices and seedling establishment rates of S. rosmarinus under drought stress. In addition, the application of SAP 3 can significantly increased soil cation exchange capacity up to 31% compared to the control. This study demonstrated the increased water retention properties of SAP that leads to higher soil water storage capacity for S. rosmarinus seedlings during the first months of out-planting in arid regions. Overall, the used SAP enhanced soil and plant properties, but most assessed parameters did not differ between SAPs 1 and 3. Therefore, the 1 g application rate is recommended based on technical as well as economic considerations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a super absorbent polymer on soil properties and plant growth for use in land reclamation

Abrisham

Jafari

Tavili

et al. 2018

Arid Land Research and Management

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“…In Iran, approximately 0.33 million km 2 (20% of Iran's total land) is covered by desert [8,9] and around one million km 2 of land is also at risk of desertification [10]. In the mid-1950s, projects to combat desertification were established and since 1958, more than 2300 km 2 of sand dune areas have been stabilized by oil mulch and about 21,000 km 2 has been improved through afforestation and sowing programs [11,12]. Regardless of the many anti-desertification projects that have been implemented 2 of 12 during the past six decades, desertification is still an important environmental issue in many parts of the country and costs around one billion U.S. dollars annually [3,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought and Desertification in Iran

Emadodin¹,

Reinsch²,

Taube³

2019

Hydrology

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Iran has different climatic and geographical zones (mountainous and desert areas), mostly arid and semi-arid, which are suffering from land degradation. Desertification as a land degradation process in Iran is created by natural and anthropogenic driving forces. Meteorological drought is a major natural driving force of desertification and occurs due to the extended periods of low precipitation. Scarcity of water, as well as the excessive use of water resources, mainly for agriculture, creates negative water balances and changes in plant cover, and accelerates desertification. Despite various political measures having been taken in the past, desertification is still a serious environmental problem in many regions in Iran. In this study, drought and aridity indices derived from long-term temperature and precipitation data were used in order to show long-term drought occurrence in different climatic zones in Iran. The results indicated the occurrence of severe and extremely severe meteorological droughts in recent decades in the areas studied. Moreover, the De Martonne Aridity Index (IDM) and precipitation variability index (PVI) showed an ongoing negative trend on the basis of long-term data and the conducted regression analysis. Rapid population growth, soil salinization, and poor water resource management are also considered as the main anthropogenic drivers. The percentage of the rural population in Iran is decreasing and the urban area is growing fast. Since the 1970s, the usage of groundwater in Iran has increased around fourfold and the average annual decrease in the groundwater table has been around 0.51 m. The results of the study provide a better ex-post and ex-ante understanding of the occurrence of droughts as key driving forces of the desertification in Iran. Additionally, they can enable policymakers to prepare proper regional-based strategic planning in the future. Desertification cannot be stopped or managed completely, but could be mitigated by the adoption of some proposed sustainable land management strategies.

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“…This difference mainly related to non-or low-palatable plants that reintroduced and planted with mulching such asCitrullus colocynthis L., Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.,Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. Considering that native species had a greater chance to survive, establish and grow in such arid condition (Jafari et al, 2018;Bazgir et al, 2020), the management practices after oil-mulch treatment (i.e., selection of suitable plants) had a vital role in achieving successful results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term effect of oil-mulch on vegetation dynamic; Integration of ecological and remote sensing-based approaches

Rostami

Karimi

Tavakoli

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Wind erosion is one of the desertification results and is among the natural processes that mostly occur under dry conditions and high wind velocity. Using oil-mulches is one of the common methods to stabilize sand dunes. The current study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of oil-mulch on vegetation attributes (i.e., cover and diversity) and rangeland condition score (RCS) using integrated ecological and remote sensing-based approaches in arid regions of Southwestern Iran. A vegetation survey was carried out in 2019 in the oil-mulched and control area, and a remotely sensed vegetation index (MSAVI) was calculated for 2017 and 2019. The results indicate that one year after treatment, compared to the control area, vegetation cover (30 ± 17.11 vs. 17 ± 5.44 %) and litter (4.6 ± 2.18 vs. 0.94 ± 1.55 %) increased significantly in the oil-mulched area, while bare soil (65.20 ± 17.34 vs. 82.31 ± 5.84 %) decreased. Further, diversity indices (Species evenness, Shannon, and Simpson indices) declined by applying oil-mulch (88%, 63%, and 71%, respectively). The rangeland condition score was significantly higher in the oil-mulched area than in the control area (22 ± 1.86 vs. 12 ± 0.88; P < 0.001). Comparing MSAVI between 2017 and 2019 showed that vegetation cover increased 44.8%. Based on the results, it can be suggested that planting native palatable species in an oil-mulched area with the exclusion of livestock grazing is likely to increase the benefits of oil-mulch treatment and will lead to better rangeland condition score.

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Reclamation of Arid Lands

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of a super absorbent polymer on soil properties and plant growth for use in land reclamation

Effects of a super absorbent polymer on soil properties and plant growth for use in land reclamation

Drought and Desertification in Iran

Short-term effect of oil-mulch on vegetation dynamic; Integration of ecological and remote sensing-based approaches

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