“…Local detection methods can be categorized into passive, active, hybrid, and intelligent methods, which operate by measuring SG parameters, such as voltage, current, frequency, and harmonic distortion on the microgrid side [5]. Passive methods include under/overvoltage relays (UVR/OVR), under/over-frequency relays (UFR/OFR) [5], rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) [6], methods based on rate of change of active power (ROCOAP) and rate of change of reactive power (ROCORP) [7], a technique based on two criteria of transient index value (TIV) and positive sequence of current angle at common connection point [8], detection methods using signal processing techniques [9], methods based on unbalance voltage (UV) [2], methods based on total harmonic distortion (THD) [10], and methods based on differential transient rate of change of frequency (DTROCOF) [11].…”