This randomized trial compared rheolytic thrombectomy before direct infarct artery stenting with direct infarct artery stenting alone in 100 patients with a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The primary end point of the study was early ST-segment elevation resolution, and the secondary end points were corrected Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) frame count, infarct size, and 1-month clinical outcome. The primary end point rates were 90% in the thrombectomy group and 72% in the placebo group (p ؍ 0.022). Randomization to thrombectomy was independently related to the primary end point (odds ratio 3.56, p ؍ 0.032). M acro-and microembolization during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is frequent and may result in the obstruction of the microvessel coronary network. 1 In the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), PCI-related embolization results in a decreased efficacy of mechanical reperfusion and myocardial salvage. Direct stenting without predilation may decrease embolization and the incidence of the no-reflow phenomenon. 2,3 More specific approaches to the problem of microvessel embolization during PCI include thrombectomy by different techniques and the use of anti-embolic protection devices. One randomized trial has reported rheolytic thrombectomy to be effective in decreasing embolization in patients who underwent PCI on venous grafts or native coronary vessel with massive thrombosis 4 ; however, few data exist on the effectiveness of rheolytic thrombectomy in the setting of AMI. 5,6 This randomized trial assessed the efficacy of rheolytic thrombectomy before direct infarct artery stent implantation in patients who underwent PCI for AMI.• • • Criteria for enrollment included chest pain persisting Ͼ30 minutes associated with an ST-segment elevation of Ն0.1 mV in Ն2 contiguous electrocardiographic leads. The exclusion criteria included (1) previous myocardial infarction, (2) administration of fibrinolytic therapy, (3) bundle branch block or ventricular pacing on the baseline electrocardiogram preventing analysis of the ST-segment changes, (4) infarct-related artery (IRA) diameter Ͻ2.5 mm on visual angiographic assessment, and (5) inability to obtain informed consent. Patients with cardiogenic shock due to predominant ventricular failure were included, as were patients with high-risk coronary anatomy. After coronary angiography, eligible patients were randomly assigned to direct IRA stenting alone or thrombectomy before stenting. Computer-generated sequences and assignments using a closed envelope system were used to perform randomization. Thrombectomy was accomplished with the second-generation rheolytic thrombectomy 4Fr catheter (AngioJet, Possis Medical, Minneapolis, Minnesota). Two types of stents were used: a tubular closed-cell carbon-coated stent (Techno, Sorin, Saluggia, Italy) and a tubular open-cell stent (Zeta, Guidant, Santa Clara, California). All patients received abciximab (ReoPro, Centocor, Malvern, Pennsylvania), if not contraindicated, immediately before the ...