Recolonization of a rocky shore in S.W. Ireland following a toxic bloom of the dinoflagellate, <i>Gyrodinium aureolum</i>

Wilson, K. W.; Cross, T.; Myers, Alan A.

doi:10.1017/s0025315400030149

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The connection between blooms of Gyrodinium aureolum and harmful effects on fish and bottom invertebrates is well documented (Braarud & Heimdal 1970, Helm et al 1974, Tangen 1977, Southgate et al 1984, Potts & Edwards 1987, Mahoney et al 1990. 'Present address: Marine Biological Laboratory (University of Copenhagen), DK-3000 Helsinger.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and grazing response of a ciliate feeding on the red tide dinoflagellate Gyrodinium aureolum in monoculture and in mixture with a non-toxic alga

Hansen¹

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The effect of the red tide dinoflagellate Gyrodinium aureolum on the growth of the tintinnid ciliate Favella ehrenbergii was studied The ciliate is unable to sustain growth with this alga as the only food source, Irrespective of concentration. Ciliate survival decreases at very high concentrations of G. aureolum probably due to toxic substances exuded from G aureolum to the medium. This assumption is supported by the fact that growth of the ciliate is not affected by even very high concentrations of a non-toxic dinoflagellate, Heterocapsa triquetra. However, direct attempts to demonstrate toxic effects of exudates, using filtrates of dense cultures of G. aureolum, failed. Growth and grazing experiments were also carried out in which the ciliate was fed mixtures of G, aureolum and H tliquetra at relatively low algal concentrations. The growth of the ciliate was unaffected until G. aul-eolum accounted for about 7 0 % of the total biomass. In cases where G. aureolum accounted for about 90% of the algal biomass, the growth rate of the ciliate was reduced by less than 25%. Grazing experiments demonstrated that F. ehrenbergii cannot selectively avoid ingestion of G. aureolum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and grazing response of a ciliate feeding on the red tide dinoflagellate Gyrodinium aureolum in monoculture and in mixture with a non-toxic alga

Hansen¹

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Filter feeders were slowest to recovery, reaching levels equivalent to controls only in the fourth year. This sequence mirrors that described for the recovery of rocky shore following diverse disturbances, irrespective of whether the cause is oil spills (Peterson et al, 2000), dispersant used to clear oil (Southward and Southward, 1978;Hawkins and Southward, 1992), river floods (Branch et al, 1990), human harvesting of invertebrates , deposition of copper-mining waste tailings (Castilla, 1996), or toxic algal blooms (Southgate et al, 1984;Sasikumar et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Following a harmful algal bloom in India, Sasikumar et al (1989) noted that immediate elimination of most grazers led to a bloom of ephemeral alga Enteromorpha, later replaced by Dictyota dichotoma Hudson. Southgate et al (1984) similarly recorded that bloomrelated elimination of grazers (notably limpets) led to development of dense algal growths that persisted for at least four years. Kim (1997) has experimentally shown that early succession of rocky shores in British Columbia, Canada, is dominated by ephemeral algae in the absence of limpets, and that ephemerals inhibit the development of later-succession algae under these conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Impacts of a ‘black tide’ harmful algal bloom on rocky-shore intertidal communities on the West Coast of South Africa

2013

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“…in the horse mussel Modiolus modiolus and saddle oyster (Family Anomiidae), whereas the common mussel Mytilus edulis and the edible oyster Ostrea edulis appeared to be resistant , Underdal et al 1989, Pedersen et al 1992. Selective mortality of littoral fauna was also reported by Southgate et al (1984) from SW Ireland following a bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Gyrodinium aureolum. In soft sediments toxic effects and mass mortalities of lugworm populations Arenicola marina in South Wales, also related to a bloom of G. aureolum, were described by Olive & Cadnam (1990).…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Impact Frommentioning

confidence: 98%

Do toxic algal blooms affect subtidal soft-bottom communities?

Olsgard¹

1993

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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An extensive bloom of the toxic flagellate Chrysochromuha polylepjs occurred over much of the Skagerrak and Kattegat area during May-June 1988 with severe effects on biota in shallow marine habitats. Results reported here are from annual grab-sampling of subtidal soft-bottom communities off the southwest coast of Norway during the period 1986 to 1991 at depths between 69 and 184 m, and describe changes In fauna associated with the toxic algal bloom. In the 3 years prior to the bloom the fauna at each station was persistent and only modest year-to-year changes in the number of species, abundance and species composition were observed. Samples collected 1 yr after the bloom event revealed a significant reduction in both number of species and individuals. The most obvious changes were found at sites situated in accumulation areas characterised by fine sediments indicating a possible connection between the quantity of sinking toxic material and the degree of faunal perturbation. A DCA ordination demonstrated a clear switch in faunal composition in the study area subsequent to the bloom, and a tendency of the fauna to return to the pre-bloom communities 2 yr after the bloom event. Principal species affected were moderately abundant oligochaetes, polychaetes, crustaceans, molluscs and sipunculids. Allocation of each species into the categories 'gaining' and 'losing' according to annual changes in abundance gave a good description of the community disturbance probably induced by the toxic alga. Other possible causes for the observed faunal perturbation may be changes in water temperature, food input, predation interference and changes in sediment composition, but none of these were found to give reliable, alternative explanations for the substantial changes observed in the soft-bottom communities subsequent to the toxic bloom.

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Recolonization of a rocky shore in S.W. Ireland following a toxic bloom of the dinoflagellate, Gyrodinium aureolum

Cited by 25 publications

References 3 publications

Growth and grazing response of a ciliate feeding on the red tide dinoflagellate Gyrodinium aureolum in monoculture and in mixture with a non-toxic alga

Growth and grazing response of a ciliate feeding on the red tide dinoflagellate Gyrodinium aureolum in monoculture and in mixture with a non-toxic alga

Impacts of a ‘black tide’ harmful algal bloom on rocky-shore intertidal communities on the West Coast of South Africa

Do toxic algal blooms affect subtidal soft-bottom communities?

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