Recombinant Antibodies in Cancer Therapy

Abstract

The application of recombinant immunotoxin and radioimmunoconjugate in Cancer therapy has revived the "magic bullet" concept predicted a century ago. Many of the recombinant antibodies have received FDA approval for various indication of cancer in recent years and numerous others are in clinical trials.

Comparative Prime-Boost Vaccinations Using Semliki Forest Virus, Adenovirus, and ALVAC Vectors Demonstrate Differences in the Generation of a Protective Central Memory CTL Response against the P815 Tumor

“…The tumor volume was measured twice per week using a caliMax device (Fine Science Tools), and mice were euthanatized when the tumor volume reached 1.5 cm 3 . When the last naive mouse was euthanatized, the remaining mice were monitored for tumors at least for an additional 30 days.…”

“…I mmunotherapy for treatment of cancer has been exploited in passive immunotherapy using Abs and specific T cells and in active immunotherapy using tumor cell-based vaccines, proteins, peptides, DNA, recombinant viral particles, cytokines, and dendritic cells (DCs) 3 (1)(2)(3). Clinical trials in all the above fields are underway and the results have been reviewed extensively (4 -10) (www.nci.nih.gov and www.wiley.co.uk/genmed/ clinical/).…”

“…Clinical trials in all the above fields are underway and the results have been reviewed extensively (4 -10) (www.nci.nih.gov and www.wiley.co.uk/genmed/ clinical/). Although the most promising results so far have been cancer patients treated with Abs (3) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in combination with lymphodepletion (11), there are several drawbacks with these vaccine regimens since Abs are not very effective against solid tumors, and the generation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from each patient is labor extensive (3,6).…”

Development of Novel, Highly Cytotoxic Fusion Constructs Containing Granzyme B: Unique Mechanisms and Functions

“…In addition to the use of small molecules for the toxin component, a number of groups have utilized highly cytotoxic protein toxins such as diphtheria toxin, ricin A-chain, Pseudomonas exotoxin, gelonin (rGel) in addition to others [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, problems such as capillary leak syndrome, immunogenicity and toxicity continue to limit enthusiasm for long-term or chronic applications of these agents in the cancer setting.…”

Aerodynamical, Immunological and Pharmacological Properties of the Anticancer Antibody Cetuximab Following Nebulization

“…Among new anticancer molecules, therapeutic antibodies have emerged as a new class of successful drugs for hematopoietic malignant neoplasia and solid tumours, becoming a major strategy for therapy in oncology and representing half of the anticancer molecules in development in industry. Currently nine naked or conjugated antibodies have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European MEdicines Agency (EMEA) for human cancer treatments and numerous antibodies are in late clinical trial phases (17,18).…”