Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) shortens the period of neutropenia after autologous bone marrow transplantation in a primate model.

Abstract

The effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on hematopoietic reconstitution after autologous bone marrow transplantation was evaluated in a primate model. Animals were given a continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant human GM-CSF for several days both before and after transplantation or only after the transplant procedure. Marrow ablation was accomplished by total body irradiation. In both groups of animals, the neutrophil count reached 1,000/mm3 by 8-9 d posttransplant compared with an interval of 17 and 24 d for two concurrent controls. After withdrawal of GM-CSF, neutrophil counts fell to values comparable to those observed in untreated controls. Accelerated recovery of platelet production was also observed in four of the five animals. Two additional animals were initially given GM-CSF several weeks posttransplantation because of inadequate engraftment. Prompt and sustained increases in neutrophil and platelet counts were observed. We conclude that GM-CSF may be useful in accelerating bone marrow reconstitution.

Recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) given as daily short infusions – a phase I dose-toxicity study

“…Infusion of GM-CSF to primates undergoing total-body irradiation and infusion of autologous bone marrow accelerates haemopoietic recovery (Nienhuis et al, 1987). The potential clinical value of human haemopoietic colony stimulating factors includes their use in reducing the degree of neutropaenia associated with marrow aplasia -either iatrogenic (e.g.…”

Cloning and Functional Analysis of the Rhesus Macaque ABCG2 Gene

“…For each animal, CD34-selected cells were divided into two equal fractions and transduced with either the ABCG2 or gp91 phox vector as described above with concentrated vector supernatant (RQ3545, 3.5-fold; RQ3549, 8-fold) and infused fresh. The animals received lethal myeloablation and supportive care as previously described (26).…”

Clinical significance of the haemopoietic growth factors

“…This is associated with decreased cellularity and decreased progenitor cell content of the marrow. In nonhuman primates GM-CSF causes a marked rise in the peripheral neutrophil and eosinophil count with a slightly lesser rise in the monocyte and lymphocyte counts (Donahue et al, 1987;Mayer et al, 1987). In contrast to murine studies there is no decrease in bone marrow cellularity.…”

“…The circulating phagocytes are also primed by GM-CSF and show enhanced phagocytosis and killing ability (Baldwin et al, 1988). Human GM-CSF has also been shown to accelerate haemopoietic recovery in monkeys given total body irradiation (Nienhuis et al, 1987 (Donahue et al, 1987b).…”