Recommendations for Chamber Quantification: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography’s Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, Developed in Conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a Branch of the European Society of Cardiology

Lang, Roberto M.; Bierig, Michelle; Devereux, Richard B.; Flachskampf, Frank A.; Foster, Elyse; Pellikka, Patricia A.; Picard, Michael H.; Roman, Mary J.; Seward, James D.; Shanewise, Jack S.; Solomon, Scott D.; Spencer, Kirk T.; Sutton, Martin St. John; Stewart, William J.

doi:10.1016/j.echo.2005.10.005

Cited by 10,418 publications

(8,677 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…); reproducibility was excellent for LV mass ( r =0.98; P <0.001; CV=6.1%), LVEF ( r =0.83; P =0.003; CV=3.0%), cardiac output ( r =0.91; P <0.001; CV=7.9%); LA volume ( r =0.92; P <0.001; CV=10.3%), pulmonary artery systolic pressure ( r =0.92; P <0.001; CV=7.3%), RV end‐diastolic area ( r =0.96; P <0.001; CV=4.8%), RA area ( r =0.92; P <0.001; CV=7.2%), PVR ( r =0.92; P <0.001; CV=5.4%), and TAPSE ( r =0.83; P <0.005; CV=6.0%). These results are within the desirable reproducibility for ECG outcome variables used in clinical trials or observational studies 32, 38, 39…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 60%

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Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Young and Middle‐Aged Adults: Effects of Positive Airway Pressure and Compliance on Arterial Stiffness, Endothelial Function, and Cardiac Hemodynamics

Korcarz

Benca

Barnet

et al. 2016

JAHA

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BackgroundThe cardiovascular effects of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients are not clear because of confounding by comorbid conditions.Methods and ResultsProspective interventional study of PAP therapy and withdrawal. Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI; events/hour of sleep) was determined from polysomnography. Central aortic blood pressures (BPs), Aortic Augmentation Index (AAIx), and central (PWV c‐f) and peripheral pulse wave (PWV c‐r) velocities were determined by applanation tonometry. Echocardiography and brachial artery reactivity testing were performed at baseline, after 4 and 12 weeks of PAP therapy, and 1 week after PAP withdrawal. The 84 participants were mean (SD) 41.1 (7.6) years old and had 39.8 (24.5) AHI events/hour. After 4 weeks post‐PAP initiation and sustained after 12 weeks, subjects experienced decreases in central systolic BP (P=0.008), diastolic BP, mean BP, AAIx, and PWV c‐r, and brachial artery dilation (all P<0.001), as well as improvements in left ventricular diastolic function and systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance. In adjusted models, PAP use (hours/night) predicted reductions in diastolic BP (β=−0.65 [SE, 0.32] mm Hg/hour; P=0.045), AAIx (β=−0.53 [0.27] %/hour; P=0.049) and PWV c‐r (β=−0.13 [0.05] m·s−1/hour; P=0.007), and improved brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation (β=0.31 [0.14] %/hour use; P=0.015). After 1 week of PAP withdrawal, brachial diameter, diastolic BP, mean BP, AAIx, and heart rate increased (P≤0.05).Conclusions PAP therapy reduces arterial tone and improves endothelial and diastolic function in young to middle‐aged adults. This positive effect is observed after 4 weeks and depends on hours of use, but reverts quickly with PAP withdrawal.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT01317329.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Imaging followed the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) Guidelines for acquisition, measurement, and interpretation 31, 32. Images were obtained using a Philips CX50 system (Philips Healthcare, Andover, MA) with a 4V1c transducer by a single registered cardiac sonographer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Young and Middle‐Aged Adults: Effects of Positive Airway Pressure and Compliance on Arterial Stiffness, Endothelial Function, and Cardiac Hemodynamics

Korcarz

Benca

Barnet

et al. 2016

JAHA

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“…Echocardiographic records from the participating sites were analysed in a central laboratory by an independent observer uninformed of patient assignment. LV volume at end‐diastolic and end‐systolic time (LVEDV and LVESV, respectively) and LVEF were measured by the modified Simpson rule 14. The secondary objectives of the study included assessing changes in plasma neurohormone levels and the occurrence of clinical events.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of a dose of the angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan on post‐myocardial infarction ventricular remodelling

Park

Kim

et al. 2018

ESC Heart Failure

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AimsAlthough clinical guidelines advocate the use of the highest tolerated dose of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers after acute myocardial infarction (MI), the optimal dosing or the risk–benefit profile of different doses have not been fully identified.Methods and resultsIn this multicentre trial, 495 Korean patients with acute ST segment elevation MI and subnormal left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (<50%) were randomly allocated (2:1) to receive maximal tolerated dose of valsartan (titrated up to 320 mg/day, n = 333) or low‐dose valsartan (80 mg/day, n = 162) treatment. The primary objective was to assess the changes in echocardiographic parameters of LV remodelling from baseline to 12 months after discharge. After treatment, end‐diastolic LV volume (LVEDV) decreased significantly in the low‐dose group, but the difference in LVEDV changes was insignificant between the maximal‐tolerated‐dose and low‐dose groups. End‐systolic LV volume decreased significantly in both groups, to a similar degree between groups. LV ejection fraction rose significantly in both study groups, to a similar degree. Changes in plasma levels of neurohormones were also comparable between the two groups. Drug‐related adverse effects occurred more frequently in the maximal‐tolerated‐dose group than in the low‐dose group (7.96 vs. 0.69%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn the present study, treatment with the maximal tolerated dose of valsartan did not exhibit a superior effect on post‐MI LV remodelling compared with low‐dose treatment and was associated with a greater frequency of adverse effect in Korean patients. Further study with a sufficient number of cases and statistical power is warranted to verify the findings of the present study.

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“…Participants were imaged in the left lateral decubitus position to obtain M-mode, two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography images. Conventional apical two- and four-chamber views were obtained to quantify LV volumes, longitudinal strain and strain rate [18]. Parasternal short-axis images at the papillary muscle level were obtained to determine rotation, rotation rate, radial and circumferential strain and strain rates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body surface area (BSA) was calculated from height and weight [19]. Linear and Simpson’s biplane methods were used to determine LV mass and volumes, respectively [18]. LV mass was also indexed for height 2.7 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular dynamics of Canadian Indigenous peoples

Foulds

Bredin

2018

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Limited understanding of Indigenous adults’ cardiovascular structure and function exists despite high rates of cardiovascular disease. This investigation characterised cardiovascular structure and function among young Indigenous adults and compared to age- and sex-matched European descendants. Echocardiographic assessments included apical two- and four-chamber images, parasternal short-axis images and Doppler. Analyses included cardiac volumes, dimensions, velocities and strains. Cardiovascular structure and function were similar between Indigenous (n=10, 25 ± 3 years, 4 women) and European-descendant (n=10, 24 ± 4 years, 4 women,) adults, though European descendants demonstrated greater systemic vascular resistance (18.19 ± 3.94 mmHg∙min−1∙L−1 vs. 15.36 ± 2.97 mmHg∙min−1∙L−1, p=0.03). Among Indigenous adults, women demonstrated greater arterial elastance (0.80 ± 0.15 mmHg·mL−1·m−2 vs. 0.55 ± 0.17 mmHg·mL−1·m−2, p=0.02) and possibly greater systemic vascular resistance (17.51 ± 2.20 mmHg∙min−1∙L−1 vs. 13.93 ± 2.61 mmHg∙min−1∙L−1, p=0.07). Indigenous men had greater cardiac size, dimensions and output, though body size differences accounted for cardiac size differences. Similar cardiac rotation and strains were observed across sexes. Arterial elastance and cardiac size were different between Indigenous men and women while cardiovascular structure and function may be similar between Indigenous and European descendants.

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Cited by 10,418 publications

References 133 publications

Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Young and Middle‐Aged Adults: Effects of Positive Airway Pressure and Compliance on Arterial Stiffness, Endothelial Function, and Cardiac Hemodynamics

Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Young and Middle‐Aged Adults: Effects of Positive Airway Pressure and Compliance on Arterial Stiffness, Endothelial Function, and Cardiac Hemodynamics

The impact of a dose of the angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan on post‐myocardial infarction ventricular remodelling

Cardiovascular dynamics of Canadian Indigenous peoples

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