Recommendations for the prevention of drowning

Rubio, B.; Yagüe, Francisca; Benítez, M.T.; Esparza, M.J.; González, J.C.; Sanchez, Fernando L.; Vila, J.J.; Mintegi, Santiago

doi:10.1016/j.anpede.2014.06.002

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In our analysis, the median age was lower for resident children than for tourist children, probably because of higher awareness in the local population about the danger of drowning, thus favoring the acquisition of swimming skills at an earlier age. Learning to swim at the age of 1 to 4 years could reduce the rate of drowning, although the skills acquired are not a substitute for adequate supervision, and this is the age group in which most serious accidents occur 6,15,23 . The recommendations worldwide are to develop basic swimming programs that are widespread, especially for children aged 4 to 6 years (the age at which one acquires the maturity and neuromuscular coordination necessary for proper swimming).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drowning Accidents in a Spanish Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

et al. 2021

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IntroductionDrowning is one of the most frequent accidents in children. We aimed to describe demographic and epidemiological characteristics of drowned children who required admission to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) to identify risk factors to guide possible preventive measures to avoid severe drowning.MethodsWe conducted an observational study for 29 years (retrospective between 1991 and 2004; prospective between 2005 and 2019) that included all children (0–15 years old) requiring PICU admission after drowning. Data regarding patient characteristics, accident circumstances, and neurological outcomes at PICU discharge were analyzed.ResultsA total of 160 patients were included, with no significant decrease over the study period. There was a predominance of males (75%), young age (60%; 1–5 years), summer months (91.1%; May–September), tourists (14.12 [95% confidence interval, 9.2–21.7] times higher risk of drowning than residents), swimming pool accidents (88.8%), and inadequate supervision (77.9%). The mortality was 18.7%, and 7.5% of admitted children had severe neurological sequelae. The initial resuscitation maneuvers by accident witnesses were incorrect in nearly half of the patients in whom these could be analyzed.ConclusionsEmphasis should be placed on implementing preventive measures, focused on the described risk groups, and insisting on adequate supervision, swimming training programs, and training of the general population in safe rescue and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drowning Accidents in a Spanish Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

et al. 2021

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“…through the construction of sidewalks and appropriate road signalling) may increase children's independent mobility, physical activity, and outdoor play, particularly for girls and of children with diverse ethno-cultural backgrounds (Aarts, de Vries, van Oers, & Schuit, 2012;Mitra, Faulkner, Buliung, & Stone, 2014). Caretakers also need to provide or make arrangements for close supervision of children around water at all times to prevent children from drowning (Balaban & Sleet, 2011;Rubio et al, 2015). While some children commented on teachers and other adults accompanying them to swim in the river, they also admitted to sometimes going there with friends unsupervised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Growing healthy children and communities: Children’s insights in Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Ruiz‐Casares

2016

Global Public Health

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A diverse group of 103 children aged 7-11 years old living in family and residential care in rural and urban settings in two northern provinces in Lao People's Democratic Republic participated in group discussions using images and community mapping. Children's identified sources of risk and protection illustrate primary public health and protection concerns and resources. Young children worried about lack of hygiene, unintentional injuries, corporal punishment, and domestic violence. They also expressed concern about gambling and children sleeping in the streets, even if they had never seen any of the latter in their communities. In contrast, food and shelter; artistic, religious, and cultural practices; supportive interpersonal relationships; and schooling largely evoked feelings of safety and belonging. Images that prompted conflicting interpretations surfaced individual and contextual considerations that nuanced analysis. Researchers and decision-makers will benefit from using this developmentally appropriate, context-sensitive child-centred visual method to elicit young children's views of risk and protection. It may also serve as a tool for public health education. Involving young children in the initial selection of images would further enhance the efficiency of the method.

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“…3,9 Injuries because of entrapment of hair or limbs are most common. 2,10 Ecchymoses and abrasion-like skin findings because of exposure to high negative pressure are reported be encountered in these types of accidents. 2,11 It can be understood from the characteristics of abrasions and ecchymoses seen on the legs that both lower extremities are stuck in pool drain in this reported case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Drowning Caused by A Swimming Pool Drainage System

Atılgan

Bulgur-Kirbas

Akman

et al. 2020

Am J Forensic Med Pathol

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In swimming pools, malfunctions in the pool water drainage system can result with severe injuries, or even death, and mostly children are affected by these accidents. In this case report, the death scene and postmortem examination findings of a 12-year-old girl, who was trapped by her feet in the pool water drainage system, are reported. The external examination revealed ecchymotic areas with abrasions on both lower legs and both feet, suggesting suction of both feet through the uncovered pool drainage system opening. To prevent such accidents, safety practices related to the water circulation system should be developed in swimming pools and similar areas; children should be supervised at all times; and emergency medical teams, as well as lifeguards, should be available for immediate intervention.

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Recommendations for the prevention of drowning

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Drowning Accidents in a Spanish Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Drowning Accidents in a Spanish Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Growing healthy children and communities: Children’s insights in Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Fatal Drowning Caused by A Swimming Pool Drainage System

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