Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection

Icrp,

doi:10.1136/pgmj.37.425.168-b

Postgraduate Medical Journal

1961

DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.37.425.168-b

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Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection

Icrp Icrp¹

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Cited by 991 publications

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Coronary Artery Calcification Screening

Kim¹,

Einstein²,

González³

2009

Arch Intern Med

214

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Background Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) has been proposed as a tool for routine screening for coronary artery calcification (CAC) in asymptomatic individuals. As proposed, such screening could involve tens of millions of individuals, but detailed estimates of radiation doses and potential risk of radiation-induced cancer are not currently available. We estimated organ-specific radiation doses and associated cancer risks from CAC screening with MDCT, according to age, frequency and scan protocol. Methods Radiation doses to adult patients were calculated from a range of available protocols using Monte Carlo radiation transport. Radiation risk models, derived using data from Japanese atomic bomb survivors and medically-exposed cohorts, were used to estimate the excess lifetime risk of radiation-induced cancer. Results Radiation dose from a single CAC CT scan varied more than 10-fold (effective dose range=0.8 to 10.5 mSv) depending on the protocol. In general higher radiation doses were associated with higher x-ray tube current, higher tube potential, and spiral scanning with low pitch, and retrospective gating. The wide dose variation also resulted in wide variation in estimated radiation-induced cancer risk. Assuming screening every five years from age 45-75 for men and from age 55-75 for women, the estimated excess lifetime cancer risk using the median dose of 2.3 mSv (0.8-10.5 mSv) was 42 cases/100,000 for men (range 14-200) and 62 cases/100,000 for women (range 21-300). Conclusions These radiation risk estimates can be compared to potential benefits from screening, when such estimates are available. Doses and hence risks can be minimized by using optimized protocols.

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Coronary Artery Calcification Screening

Kim¹,

Einstein²,

González³

2009

Arch Intern Med

214

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Calcium Scoring With Computed Tomography

Gibbons¹,

Gerber²

2009

Arch Intern Med

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No Evidence for the Causation by Cosmic Radiation of Nuclear Cataracts in Pilots—Reply

Rafnsson¹,

Ólafsdóttir²,

Hrafnkelsson³

et al. 2006

Arch Ophthalmol

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Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection

Cited by 991 publications

References 1 publication

Coronary Artery Calcification Screening

Coronary Artery Calcification Screening

Calcium Scoring With Computed Tomography

No Evidence for the Causation by Cosmic Radiation of Nuclear Cataracts in Pilots—Reply

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