Recommended priorities for research on ecological impacts of ocean and coastal acidification in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic

Saba, Grace; Goldsmith, Kaitlin A.; Cooley, Sarah R.; Große, Daniel; Meseck, Shannon L.; Miller, A. Whitman; Phelan, Beth; Poach, M. E.; Rheault, Robert; Laurent, Kari St.; Testa, Jeremy M.; Weis, Judith S.; Zimmerman, Richard C.

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2019.04.022

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 251 publications

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“…Other organisms in the Southeast that may also be impacted by acidification include. Mollusks, finfish and elasmobranchs (Saba et al, 2019) and possibly microbes (Liu et al, 2010;Krause et al, 2012) and plankton, including harmful algal species such as Karenia brevis (Florida Red Tide; Errera et al, 2014).…”

Section: The Vulnerable Organisms and Ecosystems Of The Us Southeastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acidification in the U.S. Southeast: Causes, Potential Consequences and the Role of the Southeast Ocean and Coastal Acidification Network

et al. 2020

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Coastal acidification in southeastern U.S. estuaries and coastal waters is influenced by biological activity, runoff from the land, and increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Acidification can negatively impact coastal resources such as shellfish, finfish, and coral reefs, and the communities that rely on them. Organismal responses for species located in the U.S. Southeast document large negative impacts of acidification, especially in larval stages. For example, the toxicity of pesticides increases under acidified conditions and the combination of acidification and low oxygen has profoundly negative influences on genes regulating oxygen consumption. In corals, the rate of calcification decreases with acidification and processes such as wound recovery, reproduction, and recruitment are negatively impacted. Minimizing the changes in global ocean chemistry will ultimately depend on the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, but adaptation to these changes and mitigation of the local stressors that exacerbate global acidification can be addressed locally. The evolution of our knowledge of acidification, from basic understanding of the problem to the emergence of applied research and monitoring, has been facilitated by the development of regional Coastal Acidification Networks (CANs) across the United States. This synthesis is a product of the Southeast Coastal and Ocean Acidification Network (SOCAN). SOCAN was established to better understand acidification in the coastal waters of the U.S. Southeast and to foster communication among scientists, resource managers, businesses, and governments

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Section: The Vulnerable Organisms and Ecosystems Of The Us Southeastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acidification in the U.S. Southeast: Causes, Potential Consequences and the Role of the Southeast Ocean and Coastal Acidification Network

et al. 2020

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“…However, a global increase in atmospheric CO 2 will increase the frequency of extreme acidification events, pushing organisms past critical survival thresholds more regularly (Gledhill et al, 2015). Furthermore, acidification can cooccur with other metabolic stressors, including low dissolved oxygen (DO) and warm temperatures (Cai et al, 2011(Cai et al, , 2017Saba, Goldsmith, et al, 2019).…”

Section: 1029/2020jc016505mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Continued seasonal glider observation efforts, together with other carbonate monitoring platforms, will assist in developing a mean carbonate chemistry climatology for the MAB. This will help to inform the design of laboratory experiments investigating the response of commercially important species to acidification using realized carbonate system values and variability (Goldsmith et al, 2019; Saba, Goldsmith, et al, 2019). Furthermore, ongoing monitoring efforts can be used to identify areas or time periods prone to acidification due to interaction with other potential stressors, and the derivation of synergistic relationships between these variables.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In coastal oceans, carbonate chemistry is influenced by a range of drivers including productivity‐respiration cycles, nutrient loading, freshwater inputs, and other coastal processes (Gledhill et al, 2015; Saba, Goldsmith, et al, 2019). Because of its multiple contributors, acidification in coastal zones can be highly variable and episodic both spatially and temporally (Baumann & Smith, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autonomous Observation of Seasonal Carbonate Chemistry Dynamics in the Mid‐Atlantic Bight

et al. 2020

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Ocean acidification alters the oceanic carbonate system, increasing potential for ecological, economic, and cultural losses. Historically, productive coastal oceans lack vertically resolved high-resolution carbonate system measurements on time scales relevant to organism ecology and life history. The recent development of a deep ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET)-based pH sensor system integrated into a Slocum glider has provided a platform for achieving high-resolution carbonate system profiles. From May 2018 to November 2019, seasonal deployments of the pH glider were conducted in the central Mid-Atlantic Bight. Simultaneous measurements from the glider's pH and salinity sensors enabled the derivation of total alkalinity and calculation of other carbonate system parameters including aragonite saturation state. Carbonate system parameters were then mapped against other variables, such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll, over space and time. The seasonal dynamics of carbonate chemistry presented here provide a baseline to begin identifying drivers of acidification in this vital economic zone. Plain Language Summary Seawater chemistry affects the ability of organisms to survive in the ocean. Past monitoring of seawater chemistry has missed key times and locations that are important to natural life cycles. In order to fill in those gaps, we put a chemical sensor into a deep-sea robot that we can control from land. This robot, called a Slocum glider, glides from the top of the ocean down to 200-m depth and collects ocean chemistry data along the way. We used our Slocum glider to measure how seawater chemistry differs between seasons in the Mid-Atlantic, which will help us understand how organisms might be affected by water conditions.

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“…The climate would be warming even faster if the oceans did not absorb about 26% of the anthropogenic CO 2 released each year. However, that absorbed CO 2 is the primary driver of ocean acidification (OA) that raises additional concerns for the future of marine ecosystems (Doney et al 2009;Kroeker et al 2010;Saba et al 2019). Although the impacts of CO 2 absorption on the chemistry of the open ocean is now unmistakable (Dore et al 2009), the direct impacts of atmospheric CO 2 absorption on coastal and estuarine environments can be difficult, if not impossible, to distinguish from the impacts of eutrophication (Duarte et al 2013;Saba et al 2019).…”

Section: The Evolution Of Our Climate and Our Scientific Thinkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling up: Predicting the Impacts of Climate Change on Seagrass Ecosystems

Zimmerman

2020

Estuaries and Coasts

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Since Susan Williams and I started our scientific careers in the mid-1970s, seagrass science has been transformed from a largely descriptive field to an increasingly quantitative and predictive endeavor that requires a mechanistic understanding of environmental influence on metabolic networks that control energy assimilation, growth, and reproduction. Although the potential impacts of environment on gene products are myriad, important phenotypic responses are often regulated by a few key points in metabolic networks where externally supplied resources or physiological substrates limit reaction kinetics. Environmental resources commonly limiting seagrass productivity, survival, and growth include light, temperature, and CO 2 availability that control carbon assimilation and sucrose formation, and regulate stress responses to environmental change. Here I present a systems approach to quantify the responses of seagrasses to shifts in environmental factors that control fundamental physiological processes and whole plant performance in the context of a changing climate. This review shows that our ability to understand the past and predict the future trajectory of seagrass-based ecosystems can benefit from a mechanistic understanding of the responses of these remarkable plants to the simultaneous impacts of ocean acidification, climate warming, and eutrophication that are altering ecosystem function across the globe.

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Recommended priorities for research on ecological impacts of ocean and coastal acidification in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic

Cited by 23 publications

References 251 publications

Acidification in the U.S. Southeast: Causes, Potential Consequences and the Role of the Southeast Ocean and Coastal Acidification Network

Acidification in the U.S. Southeast: Causes, Potential Consequences and the Role of the Southeast Ocean and Coastal Acidification Network

Autonomous Observation of Seasonal Carbonate Chemistry Dynamics in the Mid‐Atlantic Bight

Scaling up: Predicting the Impacts of Climate Change on Seagrass Ecosystems

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