Recommending a value for the Newtonian gravitational constant

Wood, B.M.

doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0029

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A further peculiar thing about gravity is that independent measurements of Newton's gravitational constant (G, a fundamental constant used in calculations of gravitational effects) have varied broadly 10 . Experimental determinations of other fundamental constants, such as the Boltzmann constant 11 or the speed of light 12 , have converged as the number and precision of the measurements has increased. This has not happened for G.…”

Section: Christian Rothleitnermentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-weak gravitational field detected

Rothleitner¹

2021

Nature

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Section: Christian Rothleitnermentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-weak gravitational field detected

Rothleitner¹

2021

Nature

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“…The executive committee of the Convention of the Metre, the CIPM, upon the recommendation of several consultative committees, resolved that the CODATA task group on fundamental constants should complete this work. The task group has a long history of recommending values for the fundamental constants and has developed a unique reputation in the scientific community over the last half century performing this task . The process involves an inverse variance weighted, multivariate least squares adjustment of all the fundamental constants with accounting for covariances and it is typically published every four years.…”

Section: Selecting a Value For The Planck Constantmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Planck Constant for the Definition and Realization of the Kilogram

Wood

Bettin

2018

Annalen der Physik

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On May 20, 2019 the values of the Planck, h, and Avogadro, N A , constants will be fixed, revising our measurement system, the International System of Units (SI), and providing a new way to get mass traceability. While the famous energy relations mc 2 and hf may remind many that the Planck constant is indeed related to mass, it is less recognized how this is also true for the Avogadro constant. These concepts are reviewed in the context of the upcoming revision of the SI. How the fixed values were chosen and how mass traceability will be maintained with the smallest uncertainty are also discussed.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.201800308 ν Cs = 9 192 631 770 Hz hyperfine transition frequency of 133 Cs c = 299 792 458 m s −1 speed of light in vacuum h = 6.626 070 15 × 10 −34 J s Planck constant e = 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C elementary charge k = 1.380 649 × 10 −23 J K −1 Boltzmann constant N A = 6.022 140 76 × 10 23 mol −1 Avogadro constant K cd = 683 lm W −1 luminous efficacy of 540 × 10 12 Hz radiationThe values and use of c, ν Cs , and K cd are already established within the SI and this has made the change more manageable.

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Bayesian analysis of systematic errors in the determination of the constant of gravitation

Rinaldi,

Middleton,

Del Pozzo

et al. 2023

Eur. Phys. J. C

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Measurements of the gravitational constant G are notoriously difficult. Individual state-of-the-art experiments have managed to determine the value of G with high precision: although, when considered collectively, the range in the measured values of G far exceeds individual uncertainties, suggesting the presence of unaccounted for systematic effects. Here, we propose a Bayesian framework to account for the presence of systematic errors in the various measurement of G while proposing a consensus value, following two paths: a parametric approach, based on the maximum entropy principle, and a non-parametric one, the latter being a very flexible approach not committed to any specific functional form. With both our methods, we find that the uncertainty on this fundamental constant, once systematics are included, is significantly larger than what quoted in CODATA 2018. Moreover, the morphology of the non-parametric distribution hints towards the presence of several sources of unaccounted for systematics. In light of this, we recommend a consensus value for the gravitational constant $$G = 6.6740^{+0.0015}_{-0.0015} \times 10^{-11}\ \textrm{m}^3\ \textrm{kg}^{-1}\ \textrm{s}^{-2}$$ G = 6 . 6740 - 0.0015 + 0.0015 × 10 - 11 m 3 kg - 1 s - 2 .

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Recommending a value for the Newtonian gravitational constant

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Ultra-weak gravitational field detected

Ultra-weak gravitational field detected

The Planck Constant for the Definition and Realization of the Kilogram

Bayesian analysis of systematic errors in the determination of the constant of gravitation

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