I specially dedicate this dissertation with love and affection to my father Rosenildo (In Memoriam). The best man and friend I ever met. Firstly to God for every blessing, protection, love and strength throughout my life. To my father Rosenildo (in memoriam), that has always guided me, supported and encouraged me every step of my life. I would like to thank him for his reference of love, happiness, father and teacher, as well as their advices, words of encouragement and support during the master degree. Finally, I would like to dedicate this work to my great, eternal and beloved father Rosenildo, because this is the realization of our dream! To my mother for all support, love and friendship. I am profoundly grateful for her wisdom in understanding the distance that separates us, especially in the most delicate and difficult moments we faced. Mother, know that even with the distance will always be together and great friends. I also dedicate this work with all the love and affection to my mother and friend Graça. My friend and bride Deborah, for all love, affection, support and friendship during this the master degree, as well as by welcome and friendly words in the most adverse moments. My brother Wylker, for friendship during our lives and especially during these years we lived in Recife. To my uncles Marcos, Kêda and their entire family, my eternal gratitude for all comfort and affection during the most delicate moment of my life. All these feelings were channeled in a positive way, giving me strength and support for achieving this work.