Reconciling morphological and molecular classification of predatory ciliates: Evolutionary taxonomy of dileptids (Ciliophora, Litostomatea, Rhynchostomatia)

Vďačný, Peter; Rajter, Ľubomír

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.04.023

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A very similar phylogenetic picture has been revealed not only in various ciliate genera (Przyboś et al. ; Rajter and Vďačný ; Vďačný and Rajter ), but also in some invertebrate groups. A good example is the paraphyletic genus Holothuria which includes four morphologically distinct genera (Borrero‐Pérez et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

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A Proposed Timescale for the Evolution of Armophorean Ciliates: Clevelandellids Diversify More Rapidly Than Metopids

Vďačný

Rajter

Stoeck

et al. 2018

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Members of the class Armophorea occur in microaerophilic and anaerobic habitats, including the digestive tract of invertebrates and vertebrates. Phylogenetic kinships of metopid and clevelandellid armophoreans conflict with traditional morphology-based classifications. To reconcile their relationships and understand their morphological evolution and diversification, we utilized the molecular clock theory as well as information contained in the estimated time trees and morphology of extant taxa. The radiation of the last common ancestor of metopids and clevelandellids very likely occurred during the Paleozoic and crown diversification of the endosymbiotic clevelandellids dates back to the Mesozoic. According to diversification analyses, endosymbiotic clevelandellids have higher net diversification rates than predominantly free-living metopids. Their cladogenic success was very likely associated with sharply isolated ecological niches constituted by their hosts. Conflicts between traditional classifications and molecular phylogenies of metopids and clevelandellids very likely come from processes, leading to further diversification without extinction of ancestral lineages as well as from morphological plesiomorphies incorrectly classified as apomorphies. Our study thus suggests that diversification processes and reconstruction of ancestral morphologies improve the understanding of paraphyly which occurs in groups of organisms with an apparently long evolutionary history and when speciation prevails over extinction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Well‐known examples are the time‐honored and species‐rich genera Blepharisma (Pan and Stoeck ), Colpoda (Dunthorn et al. ), Dileptus (Vďačný and Foissner ; Vďačný and Rajter ), Oxytricha (Foissner et al. ; Shao et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proposed Timescale for the Evolution of Armophorean Ciliates: Clevelandellids Diversify More Rapidly Than Metopids

Vďačný

Rajter

Stoeck

et al. 2018

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…The morphological matrix included 23 phylogenetically informative characters. All morphological data were obtained from our previous studies in which we also discussed the plesiomorphic and apomorphic nature of the character states (Vďačný and Foissner ; Vďačný and Rajter ; Vďačný et al. , ,b, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Systematic Position of Helicoprorodontids and Chaeneids (Ciliophora, Litostomatea): An Attempt to Break Long Branches in 18S rRNA Gene Phylogenies

Vďačný

Rataj

2017

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Phylogenetic position of some free-living litostomatean taxa has not been correctly determined because of long-branch artifacts in 18S rRNA gene trees. The main aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of various masking algorithms, tree-building techniques, binarization of DNA data as well as combining morphological and molecular data to eliminate long-branch attraction of two problematic groups, helicoprorodontids and chaeneids. Guidance and SlowFaster masking in a combination with PhyloBayesian tree construction erased the artifactual positions of helicoprorodontids and chaeneids. On the other hand, binarization of DNA sequences and the strategy of combining morphological and molecular data eliminated only the artifactual position of chaeneids but not that of helicoprorodontids which were still being attracted by out-group taxa. According to statistical tree topology tests and comparative morphological studies, helicoprorodontids are classified as a distinct order while chaeneids are considered to be fast evolving members of the order Lacrymariida. The high body contractility, "cephalization" of the anterior body end, and helicalization of the anterior portion of some or all somatic ciliary rows indicate relatedness of helicoprorodontids, chaeneids, and lacrymariids. On the other hand, the dorsal brush separated from the circumoral kinety by dense ciliary files supports kinships of chaeneids, lacrymariids, and didiniids.

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“…Evolutionary relationships within the Haptoria based on conventional morphological characters, such as nematodesmata and the dorsal brush, are not confirmed by the molecular data (Foissner & Foissner, ; Lipscomb & Riordan, ). In addition, recent molecular phylogenetic analyses have not corroborated the monophyly of Haptoria, leaving numerous historical problems unresolved (Gao, Warren, et al., ; Pan et al., ; Vďačný, ; Vďačný, Breiner, et al, 2017; Vd'ačný & Rajter ; Zhang, Simpson, & Song, ). For example, three haptorian genera, Cyclotrichium , Paraspathidium and Askenasia , fall into either class Protomatea or Plagiopylea in single and multigene phylogenies (Gao, Warren, et al., ; Zhang et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The haptorian genera Trachelotractus and the subclass Rhynchostomatia have both been suggested as the candidate basal litostomatean group (Gao, Warren, et al., ; Vďačný, Breiner, et al., ; Zhang et al., ). Moreover, the phylogeny of haptorian taxa below the rank of order remains confused, mainly due to the limited molecular information available (Vd'ačný & Rajter, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further insights into the highly derived haptorids (Ciliophora, Litostomatea): Phylogeny based on multigene data

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Zoologica Scripta

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Evolutionary relationships of taxa within the ciliate subclass Haptoria are poorly understood. In this study, we broaden the taxon sampling by adding 14 small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences, 13 large subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences and 13 ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2 gene sequences of haptorians. This includes the first molecular data from two genera, Pseudotrachelocerca Song, 1990, and Foissnerides Song & Wilbert, 1989. Phylogenies inferred from the three individual genes and concatenated data sets show that: (i) the subclass Haptoria could be a multiphyletic complex with about up to four main clades while “interrupted” by some intermingled with the related subclasses Rhynchostomatia, Trichostomatia and some incertae sedis; (ii) the genus Pseudotrachelocerca Song, 1990, is clearly separated from Litostomatea and clusters within an assemblage comprising the classes Prostomatea, Colpodea and Plagiopylea; (iii) both morphological evidence and molecular evidence indicate that the genus Foissnerides should be transferred from family Trachelophyllidae to Pseudoholophryidae; (iv) the validity of the order Helicoprorodontida Grain, 1994, and its monophyly is strongly supported; (5) the family Chaeneidae does not belong to the order Lacrymarida but represents a distinct clade in the subclass Haptoria.

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Reconciling morphological and molecular classification of predatory ciliates: Evolutionary taxonomy of dileptids (Ciliophora, Litostomatea, Rhynchostomatia)

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

A Proposed Timescale for the Evolution of Armophorean Ciliates: Clevelandellids Diversify More Rapidly Than Metopids

A Proposed Timescale for the Evolution of Armophorean Ciliates: Clevelandellids Diversify More Rapidly Than Metopids

Evaluation of Systematic Position of Helicoprorodontids and Chaeneids (Ciliophora, Litostomatea): An Attempt to Break Long Branches in 18S rRNA Gene Phylogenies

Further insights into the highly derived haptorids (Ciliophora, Litostomatea): Phylogeny based on multigene data

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