Reconfigurable hexagon shaped printed antenna for cognitive radio application

Abstract

The article presents a new reconfigurable antenna suitable for cognitive radio (CR) application under interweave paradigm. The new sleeve-like geometry is improvised in the antenna for designing broadband sensing antenna and it consists of a hexagon shaped metallic patch along with modified coplanar ground plane structure and feed line (nonconventional coplanar waveguide feed). The p-in diodes are also incorporated with the printed antenna. By varying the switching states of the diodes, frequency hopping occurs over the frequency range 3.75 to 12.67 GHz (108.64% BW) which is better compared to the existing sensing antennas used for designing CR antenna. The antenna also offers suitable gain and omnidirectional radiation pattern over the operating range of frequencies. In addition to frequency domain analysis, time-domain synthesis of the proposed antenna is also executed by using well-known electromagnetic solver CST software. Moreover, the antenna is fabricated and measured parameters are in good accordance with measured results.

A Miniaturized Arc Shaped Near Isotropic Self-Complementary Antenna for Spectrum Sensing Applications

“…In [ 22 ] reconfigurable narrow band micro strip antenna with a UWB dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) cover a bandwidth from 3–11 GHz and omnidirectional pattern provides 30 dB gain variation and 80% efficiency. A rectangular microstrip antenna with a spanner-shaped feeding line [ 23 ], printed hexagonal antenna [ 24 ] and elliptical mono-pole antenna [ 25 ] is presented for wireless application, cognitive radio application, and detection application respectively. The mono-pole antenna used in [ 26 ] is operational from 2.8–10.6 GHz achieved a gain variation of 60 dB.…”

A reconfigurable integrated 4‐port UWB and NB antenna system for cognitive radio application

“…The second way is to adopt reconfigurable ultra‐wideband/NB antenna structures. In this category, a single antenna element switches its operation between UWB or NB antenna operating modes 19–24 . The NB antenna can also adopt the reconfiguration mechanism to switch between various operating bands.…”

“…In this category, a single antenna element switches its operation between UWB or NB antenna operating modes. [19][20][21][22][23][24] The NB antenna can also adopt the reconfiguration mechanism to switch between various operating bands. The third way is using integrated ultra-wideband and NB antenna structures.…”