Reconfigurable metamaterial structure for 5G beam tilting antenna applications

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a metamaterial (MTM) structure with a reconfigurable property designed to operate at the millimetre-wave (mm-wave) spectrum. Four switches are used to achieve the reconfigurable property of the MTM with two configurations. These two configurations exhibit different refractive indices, which used to guide the radiation beam of the antenna to the desired direction. The proposed planar dipole antenna operates at the 5th generation (5G) band of 28 GHz. The electromagnetic (EM) rays of the proposed antenna pass through different MTM configurations with different phases, subsequently results in the tilting of the radiation beam toward MTM configuration of high refractive index. Simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna loaded by MTM demonstrate that the radiation beam is tilted by angles of +34º and-31º in the E-plane depending on the arrangement of two MTM configurations onto the antenna substrate. Furthermore, the gain is improved by 1.7 dB and 1.5 dB for positive and negative tilting angles, respectively. The reflection coefficients of the antenna with MTM are kept below-10 dB at 28 GHz.

Fifth Generation Antennas: A Comprehensive Review of Design and Performance Enhancement Techniques

“…As found in the literature, several modifications were proposed which change the basic structure into new shapes like conical, spiral and others as per the applications and requirements [16], [23]. • Dipole Antenna: It consists of two straight microstrip lines each of λ/4 length and feeding is provided in between two microstrip lines So, the total length of dipole antenna is λ/2 [17], [24].…”

Overview of Metamaterials-Integrated Antennas for Beam Manipulation Applications: The Two Decades of Progress

“…The reconfigurable MMs based PIN diodes for beam deflection applications were proposed in [140]− [145]. The authors in [140], [141], proposed a reconfigurable MMsbased PIN diode for tilting the radiation pattern of dipole antenna at 5G band of 28 GHz. In [140], the E-plane radiation pattern was deflected by 30° and −27° depending on the arrangement of reconfigurable contiguous squares resonator (CSRs) on the antenna substrate, as shown in Figs.…”

Beam Steering of Wearable Antenna with Metamaterial Structures for Patient Monitoring

“…Reconfiguring the radiation pattern is a key factor to enhance the performance of the antenna which leads to interference reduction and system security increment. Some artificial periodic structures such as metamaterial (MTM) [6,7], artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) [8], electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) [9], and frequency selective surface (FSS) [10] had been employed for providing the beam tilting. Metamaterial structures are artificial compounds with remarkable electric and magnetic properties which employed to a revolution in the performance of antennas such as gain enhancement, radiation patterns improvement and widening bandwidth, the smaller size of the antenna, beam tilting, etc [11,12].…”

“…Metamaterial structures are artificial compounds with remarkable electric and magnetic properties which employed to a revolution in the performance of antennas such as gain enhancement, radiation patterns improvement and widening bandwidth, the smaller size of the antenna, beam tilting, etc [11,12]. In [6], a metamaterial structure with four switches is used to tilting the radiation beam at 28 GHz. This structure can tilt the radiation beam at angles in the E-plane.…”