Reconfigurable photonics with on-chip single-photon detectors

Gyger, Samuel; Zichi, Julien; Schweickert, Lucas; Elshaari, Ali W.; Steinhauer, Stephan; Silva, Saimon Filipe Covre da; Rastelli, Armando; Zwiller, Val; Jöns, Klaus D.; Errando-Herranz, Carlos

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21624-3

Cited by 100 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The measurement configuration is schematically depicted in . This device design is immediately relevant for waveguide-integrated superconducting single-photon detectors employed in nanophotonic circuits [26].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Current crowding in nanoscale superconductors within the Ginzburg-Landau model

Jönsson¹,

Vedin²,

Gyger³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The current density in a superconductor with turnarounds or constrictions is non-uniform due to a geometrical current crowding effect. This effect reduces the critical current in the superconducting structure compared to a straight segment and is of importance when designing superconducting devices. We investigate the current crowding effect in numerical simulations within the generalized time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (GTDGL) model. The results are validated experimentally by measuring the magnetic field dependence of the critical current in superconducting nanowire structures, similar to those employed in single-photon detector devices. Comparing the results with London theory, we conclude that the reduction in critical current is significantly smaller in the GTDGL model. This difference is attributed to the current redistribution effect, which reduces the current density in weak points of the superconductor and counteracts the current crowding effect. We numerically investigate the effect of fill factor on the critical current in a meander and conclude that the reduction of critical current is low enough to justify fill factors higher than 33 % for applications where detection efficiency is critical. Finally, we propose a novel meander design which can combine high fill factor and low current crowding.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig.2(a), whereas representative scanning electron micrographs of the investigated devices are presented in Fig.2 (b). This device design is immediately relevant for waveguide-integrated superconducting single-photon detectors employed in nanophotonic circuits[26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current crowding in nanoscale superconductors within the Ginzburg-Landau model

Jönsson¹,

Vedin²,

Gyger³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The voltage pulse is further filtered and amplified, and discriminated as a photon detection event. [154,155] A range of superconducting materials have been developed for SNSPD on silicon substrate, including niobium nitride, [156,157] niobium-titanium-nitride, [158,159] tungsten silicide, [160] and molybdenum silicide, [161] boosting hybrid integration with reconfigurable photonic circuits, [159,162] which not only bridge different high-quality building blocks, but also enable configurable linear optical operations required by QIP. Recent experimental work on molybdenum silicide SNSPD has shown >98% detection efficiency at a wavelength of 1550 nm by optimizing the design and fabrication of an all-dielectric layered stack and fiber coupling package.…”

Section: Single Photon Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Chip‐Scale Quantum Photonic Technologies

Zheng

et al. 2021

Adv Quantum Tech

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Quantum photonic system has made remarkable achievements in computing and communication. Serving as quantum information carriers, photons are flying qubits and robust against decoherence, emerging as a desirable platform to make quantum processor a reality. However, with system's complexity and functionality scaling up, the requirements for stability, programmability, and manufacturability will be in high demand. Integrated photonics, compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor fabrication, has overwhelming dominance in terms of density and performance, making it an unrivaled contender for large-scale quantum information processing (QIP). To improve the performance of individual blocks and integrate them on a common substrate is one of the core tasks for a practical quantum processor. Here, the recent advances in components that constitute quantum photonic systems on silicon photonics platform, including sources, modulators, and detectors are reviewed. Burgeoning quantum photonics applications, such as multi-dimensional, multi-photon QIP and integrated quantum key distribution are highlighted.

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“…This is due to their applications in encoding/decoding information, [1][2][3][4] quantum computing, [5,6] quantum cryptography, [7,8] manipulating quantum mechanical objects, [2,9,10] and integral nanophotonics. [11,12] An SPS can be realized in quantum dots, [13][14][15][16][17][18] single molecules, [19,20] NV and SiV centers, [21][22][23][24][25][26] 2D materials. [27,28] From a practical point of view, it is of interest to control the rate and pattern of radiation from the SPS while simultaneously maintaining g (2) (0) close to zero.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second‐Order Autocorrelation Function of Spectrally Filtered Light From an Incoherently Pumped Two‐Level System

2022

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Light with zero second-order autocorrelation function, g (2) (0), emitted by single-photon source (SPS), for example, two-level system (TLS), is usually considered as being in a Fock state with one photon in a certain electromagnetic mode of free space. However, real SPSs have finite linewidths and excite all modes lying within the linewidth. It is shown that the zero value of g (2) (0) of light emitted by an incoherently pumped TLS is a consequence of the quantum interference of electromagnetic modes lying within the linewidth. Applying the quantum regression theorem for out-of-time-ordered correlation functions, an analytical expression for g (2) (0) is obtained for the light emitted by a TLS and passed through a spectral filter. It is shown that narrowing the spectral width of the band-pass filter inevitably leads to an increase in g (2) (0). g (2) (𝝉) is found and it is demonstrated that certain spectral filters lead to its nonmonotonic time dependence. These results open up the possibility of controlling the statistics of the emitted light using a spectral filter, which can find applications in quantum communication and cryptography.

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Reconfigurable photonics with on-chip single-photon detectors

Cited by 100 publications

References 61 publications

Current crowding in nanoscale superconductors within the Ginzburg-Landau model

Current crowding in nanoscale superconductors within the Ginzburg-Landau model

Advances in Chip‐Scale Quantum Photonic Technologies

Second‐Order Autocorrelation Function of Spectrally Filtered Light From an Incoherently Pumped Two‐Level System

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