Reconnaissance on Liquefaction-induced Flow Failure Caused by the 2018 Mw 7.5 Sulawesi Earthquake, Palu, Indonesia

Hidayat, Risqi Faris; Kamiya, Takashi; Tada, Naoto; Hayakawa, Jun; Nawir, Hasbullah

doi:10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2020.52.1.4

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Figure 4 shows geological map in Palu and Petobo area. [12] In Palu city, [14] indicated the sand, silt and clay of Formation Qap are at various depths between 1-7.2 m. [15] investigated using portable dynamic cone penetration tests in Petobo area. They found that the converted SPT-N values are lower than 10 at the site with depths less than 6.5 m, indicating the sandy soils should be loose to very loose.…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, water could freely seep into the ground and increase localized groundwater tables. [15] suggested that the slide induced by liquefaction in Petobo would probably be related to the pressures from the confined aquifers. Their post-slide investigations revealed the groundwater levels of the area ranged 0.85-1.1 m deep from the ground.…”

Section: Groundwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview Study of Flowslide Liquefaction in Petobo, Palu, Indonesia

Upomo

Chang

Kusumawardani

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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A magnitude (Mw) 7.5 Palu-Donggala earthquake struck Palu, Indonesia on Friday, 28 September 2018 at 18:02:44 Central Indonesia Time (GMT+8). The earthquake resulted in tsunami and flowslide liquefaction. Balaroa, Petobo, Jono Oge and South Sibalaya were affected areas of flowslide liquefaction. Area of Petobo flowslide liquefaction had the largest impact as compared to other locations. This paper emphasizes on the observations on the ground surface when liquefaction occurred in Petobo. Interviews with the survivors and living witnesses, displacement vectors with reference to buildings, observations of soil conditions and groundwater levels as well as descriptions of conditions pre- and post-slide, are conducted in these observations. In addition, several data consisting of Satellite Imagery, DEM (Digital Elevation Model), regional geology and some photographs taken at the site are also discussed. Results show the slope of the area of flowslide liquefaction ranges from 1° to 2°. Besides earthquake shaking, soil types and groundwater tables are believed to have had contributions to the flowslide liquefaction. Loose silty medium to fine sands are found in the flowslide areas. Based on interviews, witnesses indicated the liquefaction occurred in about few seconds after the initiation of shaking. The ground then became like muddy flow and buildings started to move or sink. After flowslide, large swampy areas had appeared and the soft ground took several weeks to become hardened again.

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Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Groundwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview Study of Flowslide Liquefaction in Petobo, Palu, Indonesia

Upomo

Chang

Kusumawardani

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…According to the theory of stress-wave propagation (Shen et al, 2019b;Hidayat et al, 2020;Luo et al, 2020;Zhao et al, 2021b;Hazarika et al, 2021), a compressional seismic wave will be reflected into a tensile wave when it meets a structural defect during propagation; this could increase the acceleration across the defect. As a result, tensile fractures may have formed as the reflected waves and incident waves were superposed.…”

Section: Triggering Instability Process Of Emeishan Basaltic Rock Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features and Formation Mechanism of the Jiaopenba Landslide, Southwestern Sichuan Province, China

Shen

Wang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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The Jiaopenba landslide, which represents a typical large basalt high-speed remote landslide, is located in Emeishan City, southwestern Sichuan province, China. Based on the field investigation, the characteristics of the Jiaopenba landslide have been revealed. The Jiaopenba landslide occurred on the steep Mount Emei. Landslide materials with a volume of approximately 6.75×108 m3 slid down from a high position, forming a large-scale high-speed remote debris flow, with the farthest sliding distance of about 7.5 km. The landslide area is located in the west wing of the Emeishan anticline, which is cut by faults to form a monoclinal fault-block mountain. Although the shear outlet of the landslide is near the slope toe and does not have good free conditions, there are faults passing through the slope toe of the bedding slope of the fault hanging wall, the landslide is affected by the fault activity, and the integrity of the layered slope is poor. When the foot of the slope is empty, the fault zone is compressed and plastic extrusion, which leads to bedding slip of the slope rock mass and greatly weakens the interlayer bonding force. When coupled with long structural planes on both sides to form side crack planes, a large-scale inclined plate structure is formed. Under the action of a strong earthquake and other external forces, the rock mass near the fault can be damaged by tension, and a large-scale high-position landslide can be formed by the mode of compression-slip-tension fracture.

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“…Misalnya, gempa tektonik di zona subduksi (interplate earthquakes) akibat tumbukan antar lempeng yang memicu tsunami berdampak global dengan pelepasan energi seismik berkekuatan relatif besar 𝑀 𝑤 9,0 terjadi di Sumatera-Andaman pada tanggal 26 Desember 2004 (Ishii et al, 2005;Nuannin et al, 2005;Pollitz et al, 2006). Selain itu, gempa akibat aktivitas sesar di sepanjang zona patahan (intraplate earthquakes) juga bisa memicu tsunami yang mematikan, seperti gempa pemicu tsunami di Palu yang dipicu oleh aktivitas sesar Palu-Koro pada tanggal 28 September 2018 dengan magnitudo 𝑀 𝑤 7,5 (Jamelot et al, 2019;Hidayat et al, 2020).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

PENENTUAN PARAMETER SEISMIK a-VALUE DAN b-VALUE UNTUK ANALISIS POTENSI BENCANA GEMPA DI WILAYAH MALUKU

Apriliani

Prastowo

2021

IFI

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Abstrak Kerentanan wilayah Maluku terhadap bencana gempa dipelajari melalui analisis potensi bahaya bencana gempa dengan menentukan parameter seismik a-value dan b-value yang diperoleh dari data statistik gempa tektonik yang terjadi di wilayah tersebut selama kurun waktu tertentu. Kedua parameter seismik mendiskripsikan level seismisitas dan stress mekanik yang disimpan dalam lipatan batuan bawah permukaan. Secara prinsip, kedua parameter ditentukan dari distribusi frekuensi-magnitudo gempa dengan bantuan hukum Gutenberg-Richter. Pada penelitian ini, data sekunder distribusi frekuensi-magnitudo gempa diperoleh dari katalog USGS (http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/search/) dengan variasi kedalaman sumber sampai 625 km di bawah permukaan dan variasi magnitudo gempa selama kurun waktu 2009-2019. Perhitungan parameter a-value dan b-value dilakukan dengan metode kuadrat terkecil dan maximum likelihood untuk uji konsistensi dan reliabilitas estimasi kedua parameter tersebut. Estimasi berdasarkan metode maximum likelihood memberikan hasil yang lebih akurat dan stabil karena melibatkan penapisan data sebelum proses pengolahan data dilakukan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh persamaan empiris Gutenberg-Richter dengan metode maximum likelihood adalah , di mana dan dengan adalah frekuensi kejadian gempa dan adalah magnitudo yang lebih besar dari , batas bawah magnitudo di mana hukum Gutenberg-Richter masih berlaku. Akurasi hasil estimasi a-value dan b-value dijamin melalui penentuan yang akurat, di mana = 5,0 diperoleh dari plot distribusi frekuensi-magnitudo gempa. Berdasarkan nilai parameter a-value dan b-value, dapat disimpulkan bahwa wilayah Maluku memiliki level seismisitas yang relatif tinggi dan rentan terhadap potensi bencana gempa tektonik yang dipicu oleh aktivitas seismo-tektonik patahan lokal Sorong dan dua zona mikro-subduksi Busur Sangihe dan Busur Halmahera. Kata Kunci: seismisitas Maluku, gempa tektonik, a-value, b-value, hukum Gutenberg-Richter Abstract The vulnerability of Molucca to seismic hazards can be examined through analysis of earthquake-event potential in the region. This analysis can be performed by determining parameters a-value and b-value acquired from datasets of events during a time period, describing seismicity rate and mechanical stress accumulated within local crustal rocks. These parameters were estimated using the Gutenberg-Richter law in this study using frequency-magnitude distribution obtained from the USGS catalog at http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/search/ with varying depths to 625 km below the surface and earthquake sizes during 2009-2019. The calculations were carried out using two separate methods, the least squares and the maximum likelihood to search for consistency and reliability of the results. Estimates using the maximum likelihood method provides results that are more accurate and stable due to data filtering prior to data processing. Using the maximum likelihood method selected, the Gutenberg-Richter empirical equation was found to be , where and with denotes the event frequency and represent magnitudes greater than , defined as the lower end of magnitudes above which the Gutenberg-Richter law applies. The accuracy in a-value and b-value estimates was provided by accurate determination of = 5,0 directly obtained from the plot of the frequency-magnitude distribution. Based on the calculated parameters, it can be concluded that Molucca is in the relatively high level of seismicity and prone to seismic threats owing to a combined effect of seismo-tectonic activities from both a local active Sorong fault and subduction processes of Sangihe arc and Halmahera arc. Keywords: Molucca seismicity, tectonic earthquake, a-value, b-value, Gutenberg-Richter law

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Reconnaissance on Liquefaction-induced Flow Failure Caused by the 2018 Mw 7.5 Sulawesi Earthquake, Palu, Indonesia

Cited by 30 publications

References 5 publications

An Overview Study of Flowslide Liquefaction in Petobo, Palu, Indonesia

An Overview Study of Flowslide Liquefaction in Petobo, Palu, Indonesia

Features and Formation Mechanism of the Jiaopenba Landslide, Southwestern Sichuan Province, China

PENENTUAN PARAMETER SEISMIK a-VALUE DAN b-VALUE UNTUK ANALISIS POTENSI BENCANA GEMPA DI WILAYAH MALUKU

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