Reconsideration of the systematics of Peniculida (Protista, Ciliophora) based on SSU rRNA gene sequences and new morphological features of Marituja and Disematostoma

Xu, Yuan; Gao, Feng; Fan, Xinpeng

doi:10.1007/s10750-017-3371-4

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The monophyly of subclass Peniculia demonstrated by previous works (Chen et al., 2014; Fan et al., 2011; Fan et al., 2013; Fokin et al., 2006; Gao et al., 2008; Pan, Gao, et al., 2013; Pan, Liu, et al., 2013; Xu et al, 2018) was confirmed by our phylogenetic analyses (both 18S rDNA‐ and COI‐based phylogenies). Moreover, coherently with previous studies on Peniculia, they pointed out that a monophyly of Frontonia is not supported by molecular data in the 18S rDNA‐ (Chen et al., 2014; Fan et al., 2011, 2013; Fokin et al., 2006; Gao et al., 2008, 2016; Ong'ondo et al., 2013; Pan, Gao, et al., 2013; Pan, Liu, et al., 2013; Zhao et al., 2016; Xu et al, 2018) and COI‐based phylogenies (Zhao et al., 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Phylogeny of Neobursaridium reshapes the systematics of Paramecium (Oligohymenophorea, Ciliophora)

et al. 2020

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The subclass Peniculia (Oligohymenophorea, Intramacronucleata) is one of the most known groups of the phylum Ciliophora, being composed by very notorious representatives, such as Paramecium and Frontonia. Nevertheless, phylogenetic relationships among genera within this subclass are still far from being resolved. Moreover, for several members of the group the characterization by molecular markers is still lacking, such as for Wenrichia, Clathrostoma, Paraclathrostoma, Didieria and, to date, also for Neobursaridium. The finding of one strain of Neobursaridium gigas from India led to the first molecular characterization of this uncommonly sampled ciliate. The 18S rDNA sequence and the COI sequence were obtained and used for phylogenetic analyses. Moreover, the partial mitochondrial genome of N. gigas was sequenced, annotated and employed for phylogenomics analysis. To increase the sampling effort for the Paramecium clade, several newly obtained 18S rDNA sequences of parameciids are herein presented. Unexpectedly, the inclusion of N. gigas's molecular data in phylogenetics/phylogenomics analyses did not help to solve the complex evolution relationships inside Peniculia. Conversely, it raised new and intriguing questions about Paramecium phylogeny, since N. gigas clustered inside Paramecium clade as sister species of Paramecium bursaria in all the performed analyses. A critical revision of past and present data led to rename N. gigas as Paramecium gigas (Balech, 1941) comb. nov., and triggered the revision of genus Paramecium, with the proposal of the new subgenus Gigaparamecium subgen. nov. Hypotheses on the evolution of giant morphologies in ciliates are also discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Recently, some rare members of Peniculia have been molecularly characterized, such as Disematostoma (Rossi et al., 2016; Xu et al., 2018) and Marituja (Xu et al., 2018). Nevertheless, the obtained phylogenetic reconstructions appeared even more problematic, underlining the paraphyly of Marituja and Disematostoma (Xu et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny of Neobursaridium reshapes the systematics of Paramecium (Oligohymenophorea, Ciliophora)

et al. 2020

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“…The polyphyly of Frontonia was recognized in 2007 by Andreoli et al [55,56]. Since then, several studies on the molecular phylogeny of this genus have confirmed this finding [10,17,25,41,54,57]. Our phylogenetic trees also show the polyphyly of Frontonia, as members of Frontonia are separated into three phylogenetically distinct groups (Fig.…”

Section: Phylogeny Of Frontoniasupporting

confidence: 82%

Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of a new freshwater ciliate Frontonia apoacuminata sp. nov. (Protista, Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) from Qingdao, PR China

Pan

et al. 2021

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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The morphology and ciliature of a new freshwater ciliate, Frontonia apoacuminata sp. nov., isolated from an artificial pond in Qingdao, PR China, were investigated using live observation and silver staining methods. The main features separating F. apoacuminata sp. nov. from its congeners are as follows: a broad elliptical body that is slightly pointed at the posterior end, four ophryokineties, one or two spherical micronuclei of a ‘compact’ type, a dorsally positioned contractile vacuole, and peniculi 1–3 each with five kinetosome rows though the left-most two rows in peniculus 3 are extremely shortened (with only two or three kinetosomes each). Additionally, an improved diagnosis of F. acuminata is provided. Phylogenetic analyses based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene show that F. apoacuminata sp. nov. clusters with F. atra, F. minuta, F. acuminata and F. terricola. These five species group with Disematostoma, Marituja and Stokesia rather than with other Frontonia species, causing polyphyly of the genus Frontonia.

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“…It is also noteworthy that Peritromidae have certain characters in common with karyorelicteans, such as extrusomes and a glabrous stripe (Foissner, 1998). This may indicate that Peritromidae represent a transitional group in the evolution from Karyorelictea to Heterotrichea (Xu et al, 2018). Based on the morphological and molecular evidence, we speculate that Peritromidae are the basal lineage of Heterotrichea.…”

Section: The Basal Lineage Of Class Heterotrichea (Spirostomidae or Peritromidae)mentioning

confidence: 72%

New contributions to the phylogeny of the ciliate class Heterotrichea (Protista, Ciliophora): analyses at family-genus level and new evolutionary hypotheses

Chi

Chen

et al. 2020

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Heterotrichous ciliates play an important role in aquatic ecosystem energy flow processes and many are model organisms for research in cytology, regenerative biology, and toxicology. In the present study, we combine both morphological and molecular data to infer phylogenetic relationships at family-genus level and propose new evolutionary hypotheses for the class Heterotrichea. The main results include: (1) 96 new ribosomal DNA sequences from 36 populations, representing eight families and 13 genera, including three poorly annotated genera, Folliculinopsis, Ampullofolliculina and Linostomella; (2) the earliest-branching families are Spirostomidae in single-gene trees and Peritromidae in the concatenated tree, but the family Peritromidae probably represents the basal lineage based on its possession of many "primitive" morphological characters; (3) some findings in molecular trees are not supported by morphological evidence, such as the family Blepharismidae is one of the most recent branches and the relationship between Fabreidae and Folliculinidae is very close; (4) the systematic positions of Condylostomatidae, Climacostomidae, and Gruberiidae remain uncertain based either on morphological or molecular data; and (5) the monophyly of each genus included in the present study is supported by the molecular phylogenetic trees, except for Blepharisma in the SSU rDNA tree and Folliculina in the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 tree.

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Reconsideration of the systematics of Peniculida (Protista, Ciliophora) based on SSU rRNA gene sequences and new morphological features of Marituja and Disematostoma

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

Phylogeny of Neobursaridium reshapes the systematics of Paramecium (Oligohymenophorea, Ciliophora)

Phylogeny of Neobursaridium reshapes the systematics of Paramecium (Oligohymenophorea, Ciliophora)

Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of a new freshwater ciliate Frontonia apoacuminata sp. nov. (Protista, Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) from Qingdao, PR China

New contributions to the phylogeny of the ciliate class Heterotrichea (Protista, Ciliophora): analyses at family-genus level and new evolutionary hypotheses

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